Encephalitis is a serious alteration of the brain parenchyma caused by the attack of pathogens. The vast majority of cases are caused by viral infections, but can also be caused by bacterial, parasitic and other infections, which should be treated promptly and can usually be cured in 2-4 weeks. Those who are left with various sequelae such as limb movement disorders of different degrees, intellectual developmental disorders, loss of speech function and dysphagia should undergo rehabilitation treatment as early as possible. Regular treatment within six months, especially within three months, can significantly improve the intellectual and motor development and speech development of the children, and most of them can be clinically cured, improve the prognosis, and ultimately avoid or reduce the degree of disability. Those who still have severe sequelae after six months have a poorer prognosis, and some sequelae require lifelong treatment.