Elderly diabetic patients often have some of their own characteristics, clinicians need to fully recognize and understand these characteristics, targeted implementation of individualized treatment, in order to achieve better diagnosis and treatment results. With the improvement of living standards and medical conditions, the average life expectancy of the population has been extended, and the prevalence of diabetes in the elderly has been increasing year by year. Compared with young diabetic patients, elderly diabetic patients have relatively insidious symptoms, poorer liver and kidney function, easy to hypoglycemia, more complications or comorbidities, and more prominent psychological problems……. Therefore, the clinical treatment should fully take into account the characteristics of the elderly diabetes, to ensure safe and effective treatment. 1, dietary control should be moderate Due to the small amount of activity of the elderly, less energy consumption, should be asked to properly control the amount of diet; avoid eating fatty meat, meat oil and other high-fat foods, eat more coarse grains and cereals, legumes and fresh vegetables, increase fiber intake, quit smoking and avoid alcohol. In the blood sugar control is good, can eat a small amount of sugar content is not high fruit (apple, pear); for the older patients have serious complications do not have to overly restrict the diet. 2, physical exercise should be measured with young people, different from the elderly in the exercise must first do a comprehensive physical examination. If the cardiopulmonary function is good, you can choose to walk fast, jogging, cycling, playing tai chi and other sports; if there is serious myocardial ischemia and unstable angina pectoris, should not be temporarily exercise. In addition, exercise must be gradual, according to ability, persistent. 3, the choice of hypoglycemic drugs need to be careful Older people often have different degrees of renal hypoglycemia, and prone to hypoglycemia, therefore, should try to choose not to rely on renal excretion, hypoglycemic effect is more moderate hypoglycemic drugs; Rigolenone, glaucoma, glaquenolone is mainly through the biliary tract, akarbose is not absorbed by the intestinal tract, these drugs are more suitable for older people, especially the combination of mild renal insufficiency. To avoid the use of strong, long-acting hypoglycemic drugs, such as glibenclamide, to avoid hypoglycemia. 4, need to check the liver and kidney function before using drugs Glucose-lowering drugs are generally metabolized in the liver and excreted by the kidneys, while the liver and kidney function of the elderly gradually decline with age, and some elderly people have chronic liver disease and nephritis history; therefore, liver and kidney function should be examined before use of the drug, and the drug should be carefully selected when liver and kidney function is poor. Otherwise, improper use of medication will further aggravate the burden on the liver and kidneys, leading to further deterioration of liver and kidney function. 5.Improve the adherence to medication Elderly people have bad memory, forgetting to take medication, taking the wrong medication, and taking heavy medication often happen, especially when there are too many types of medication. Therefore, in the development of treatment programs for elderly patients, should reduce the types of drugs and the number of times, in order to increase the patient’s adherence to medication. DPP-4 inhibitors, which only need to be taken once a day and have a glucose-dependent hypoglycemic effect, are a good choice. 6, beware of drug interactions Many elderly diabetics will suffer from a variety of diseases at the same time, in addition to glucose-lowering drugs also need to take a variety of other drugs, among these drugs, some drugs (such as glucocorticoids, diuretics, estrogens, etc.) will weaken the role of glucose-lowering drugs; some drugs (such as aspirin, propranolol, ACEI, lisdexamfetamine, etc.) can enhance the role of glucose-lowering drugs. When combining these drugs, we should fully consider the impact of these drugs on hypoglycemic drugs, and adjust the dosage of hypoglycemic drugs as appropriate to maintain stable blood glucose and prevent hypoglycemia. 7, do not take the health care products as medicines Health care products are not drugs, do not have the exact clinical efficacy, at best, only auxiliary health care role, can not use health care products to replace drugs. Although some health care products for diabetic patients have a certain role in lowering sugar, but almost invariably in the health care products in violation of the larger side effects, the price of Western medicine ingredients, if taken in excess, the body is very harmful. 8, beware of hypoglycemia The elderly themselves are susceptible to hypoglycemia crowd, and due to neuropathy, sensory retardation, easy to occur “asymptomatic hypoglycemia”, patients are often in the absence of any signs directly into a coma, which occurs at night is very dangerous, often due to the missed rescue time and lead to serious brain damage or even death. This situation is very dangerous if it happens at night, and often leads to serious brain damage or even death due to missing the rescue time. In addition, the elderly are often accompanied by atherosclerosis of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular arteries, and once hypoglycemia occurs, it can induce myocardial infarction and stroke. Therefore, drug treatment should be moderate and not excessive. 9, active treatment of various complications Elderly diabetic patients are often accompanied by a variety of acute and chronic complications, such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, lower limb vasculopathy, diabetic nephropathy, cataracts, fundus retinal hemorrhage, diabetic foot, etc., which brings great pain to patients, therefore, only controlling the blood glucose is far from being enough, and we must actively and comprehensively treat all kinds of complications, in order to improve the quality of life of the elderly patients and the survival of the life expectancy. 10, psychological treatment should not be ignored Older diabetic patients due to physical condition and social role changes often appear abnormal psychological state, such as pessimism, depression, anxiety, irritability, insomnia, etc., therefore, the elderly for psychological treatment is very necessary. The treatment includes publicizing the knowledge of diabetes to patients and their families, encouraging patients to eliminate pessimism and treat the disease correctly; establishing a regular life order, insisting on physical exercise, reading books and newspapers every day; helping patients to enrich their lives, such as raising flowers and planting grasses, playing chess, painting, etc.; and when encountering undesirable stimuli, they should divert their attention to a new psychological balance through self-compassionate ways. 11, condition monitoring mainly check blood glucose rather than urine sugar The renal glucose threshold of the elderly is often high, in this case, even if the blood glucose is high, urine sugar may still be negative, so the results of urine glucose can not better reflect the true level of blood glucose; therefore, elderly diabetic patients should be mainly blood glucose monitoring. 12, blood glucose control goals should be moderately relaxed on the longer course of the disease, there are multiple cardiovascular risk factors or has been the emergence of cardiovascular complications of elderly diabetic patients, strict control of blood glucose is likely to increase the incidence of cardiovascular time of the patient and mortality. Therefore, relative to young people, elderly patients with diabetes mellitus blood glucose control should be appropriately relaxed – fasting blood glucose does not exceed 8.0 mmol / L, postprandial blood glucose does not exceed 10.0 mmol / L, glycated hemoglobin to maintain at about 7% can be; for those who have complications and can not take care of their own life, fasting blood glucose <8.0 mmol / L, 2 hours after meals blood glucose <8.0 mmol / L, 2 hours after meals blood glucose <8.0 mmol / L. L, 2-hour postprandial blood glucose <12.0 mmol/L is also allowed.