Vocal polyp is generally not cancerous, but it has similar clinical symptoms with early glottic laryngeal cancer and other types of laryngeal cancers that invade the vocal folds. When there are early signals such as persistent hoarseness, cough, bloody sputum, hemoptysis and choking on food, it is necessary to suspect whether it develops into laryngeal cancer and improve various examinations to make a clear diagnosis. Early stage of glottic laryngeal cancer can show the typical signs of hoarseness and tiredness of voice, and the lesions of supraglottic and subglottic laryngeal cancer can show the changes of tone and voice quality when invading the vocal folds. Therefore, patients over 40 years old with hoarseness for more than 2 weeks and smoking or drinking history should undergo laryngoscopy carefully. Vocal polyp is a benign inflammatory lesion of vocal folds, which generally does not cause cancer, but it is difficult to distinguish hoarseness from vocal laryngeal cancer by symptoms, so patients should not judge or diagnose it by themselves, and should consult doctors in time with the help of laryngoscopy, CT enhancement scanning, MRI, biopsy of lesions and other examinations, so as to make clear diagnosis by doctors’ comprehensive analysis.