Stroke is the second leading cause of death and the leading cause of adult disability in China, and it is also an important cause of cognitive dysfunction and affective disorders in the elderly. Stroke is characterized by four major features: high morbidity, high mortality, high disability and high recurrence rates, which impose a heavy burden on society and families. Despite a better understanding of the pathophysiology, acute treatment and prevention of stroke in recent years, the incidence of stroke is still on the rise. Typically, within two years after a stroke, a quarter of patients will have a recurrent stroke or other vascular event. Five years after a stroke, one-third of patients will have another stroke, and 65% of these will be ischemic strokes. With such a high incidence and recurrence rate, stroke prevention is one of the important daily tasks of neurologists. The primary prevention of stroke is to reduce the incidence of stroke in the population by controlling various risk factors for stroke. Risk factors for stroke are divided into those that can be intervened and those that cannot be intervened. Non-intervention risk factors include gender, age, race, and family history. Interventional risk factors include hypermobility, obesity, abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism, smoking and hypertension. Anyone with more than one risk factor is classified as a high-risk group for stroke, and this group should be strengthened for stroke prevention. As a result, we went to various communities in Hongtang, Zhuangqiao, Zhenhai and other areas, and corporate units such as the Industrial and Commercial Bureau and the Port Authority, and through the production of beautiful slides and information pictures, we educated the community about the high-risk factors for stroke in an in-depth and easy-to-understand language, especially the control of intervenable factors, such as blood pressure control, lipid regulation, application of anti-platelet drugs, blood sugar control, smoking cessation, weight loss, alcohol cessation, reasonable diet, changing dietary structure, and strengthening exercise to prevent their occurrence. In addition to the perspective of professional knowledge, we also preached how to prevent stroke from the perspective of daily health care and the combination of Chinese and Western medicine. Through the extensive health education work, the community has generally improved their awareness of cerebrovascular diseases and understood the preventive measures for stroke, which has a positive impact on reducing the incidence of stroke. Secondary prevention of stroke is the measures taken to prevent recurrence of stroke after it occurs. The target population for secondary stroke prevention is patients with previous stroke and transient ischemic attack. Patients with a previous history of cerebrovascular disease are a high-risk group and a priority target for secondary prevention. There are many similarities between secondary prevention and primary prevention, such as similar risk factors, but there are some differences, i.e. secondary prevention is more intensive than primary prevention, and the target values for the control of relevant indicators are more stringent. In this regard, our ward physicians have established a comprehensive treatment entry point for secondary prevention of stroke, with inpatients as the main focus: to identify patients with cerebrovascular disease, treat and rehabilitate them in order to reduce disease recurrence, reduce invasive treatment, improve quality of life, and increase overall survival. Treatment to prevent recurrence is initiated early in the patient’s admission, including examination of morphological functions of stroke-related target organs, control of stroke susceptibility factors such as lipids, blood glucose, and blood pressure, and inhibition or delay of the progression of the underlying atherosclerotic disease process. In addition to treatment, patient education by the nurses in the ward is also used to strengthen patients’ understanding of the disease and controllable factors, and to enhance their patience with medication and confidence in adhering to long-term treatment. The above-mentioned secondary prevention measures have greatly reduced the recurrence rate of stroke patients and improved their quality of life, with the majority of patients achieving better outcomes and reducing unnecessary outpatient follow-up. In conclusion, stroke prevention and treatment is still a long way to go, but we will continue to adhere to the existing working principles and actively contribute to the prevention and treatment of cerebrovascular diseases.