Choking pneumonia in newborns is medically known as lactation aspiration pneumonia, which refers to the aspiration of milk into the respiratory tract during swallowing, causing manifestations such as asphyxia and respiratory distress, and is similar to bacterial pneumonia when the lungs are secondary to infection. The severity is related to the amount and frequency of inhalation. Causes of lactation aspiration pneumonia: (1) Swallowing disorders: immature swallowing reflexes and uncoordinated swallowing movements in newborns make them susceptible to lactation aspiration. Brain injury or cranial nerve lesions can also make the swallowing reflex sluggish or incomplete. In addition, uncoordinated pharyngeal neuromuscles can also cause some milk to enter the respiratory tract and cause pneumonia. (2) Esophageal insufficiency: Milk enters the esophagus and then refluxes to the pharynx and is then inhaled. (3) Esophageal malformation: In esophageal atresia, milk cannot enter the stomach from the esophagus and stays in the pharynx and is inhaled into the lungs along with saliva. (4) Severe cleft palate and harelip. The manifestation of lactation aspiration pneumonia: lactation aspiration pneumonia often has feeding choking cough, milk flowing from the mouth and nose, accompanied by shortness of breath, cyanosis, etc. When the amount of inhalation is large, it can cause asphyxia and respiratory arrest. When breathing is restored, shortness of breath is evident and lung rales are numerous. Interstitial pneumonia can occur in those who inhale repeatedly for a long time, and eventually lead to pulmonary fibrosis or complications of bronchiectasis. In case of secondary infection in the lungs, similar to bacterial pneumonia, the germs may also spread throughout the body causing more serious complications such as sepsis and meningitis.