Ⅰ Background knowledge Ⅱ Summary of guidelines for family members and caregivers 1) Positive attitude 2) Stay together as much as possible 3) Share things Ⅲ Conclusion Background knowledge n The risk of disease among people older than 65 years is 5%, and the risk of disease will also double with each additional 5 years, which means that the risk of disease will reach 10% if we reach 70 years old, and this risk will reach 35% to 40% after 85 years old. By 2025, the number of people aged 80 to 90 years will double in the United States and Europe. Of these, 1/3 will be older than 65 years old; 1/4 will be older than 80 years old. The global dementia population will grow from 24 to 42 million in 2020 to 81 million in 2040. The current status of dementia patients in China, according to the International Alzheimer’s Association (ADI), will increase at the rate of one new patient every seven seconds. In China, it’s a silent group of patients that people refer to as Alzheimer’s disease patients. “The level of awareness of AD in the Chinese government and the public is very low, probably decades later than in the United States.” — Hong Zheng Wang, Secretary General of the ADI China Committee Official figures in China say there are at least 6 million people with AD in the country, but it’s much more! Most of the patients are at home and whether they are getting effective medication or not they are in great need of help and continued attention! Caring for Alzheimer’s patients Zhou Jiong, Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine —- Keep in touch with Jane. Dr. Crisp, who has been working on the language aspects of dementia patients since 1990, has developed strategies for understanding their speech and has lectured in several countries. Facing the difficulty of what it means to stay in touch with others and influence each other positively, it is extremely important to stay in touch with anyone, whether they have dementia or not. The meaning of the “keeping in touch approach to care” for the caregiver is that the caregiving process brings back comforting, fond and warm memories for the caregiver. The implications for the patient are even greater: we all need the help of friends, and we maintain a sense of identity and self-worth through contact with others, especially when we are afraid. This is especially true for people with dementia. They are gradually losing their social identity. That is, the loss of the “social self. The “social self” or “identity” exists by being known by others. 1. the rights of people with positive attitudes to dementia 1 to know what their diagnosis is 2 to need reasonable and ongoing medical support 3 to be able to participate in constructive activities and have fun 4 to be treated as an adult and not as a child 5 to be valued when expressing emotions 6 to avoid antipsychotic medication if possible 7 to live in a safe and comfortable environment (elderly with inadvertent burns) 8 Being able to participate in meaningful activities every day 9 Having regular outdoor activities 10 Being able to have intimate contact (including hugs and touches and handshakes) 11 Living with people who know them, who understand their life experiences, cultural habits, and religious beliefs 12 Being cared for by professionals who recognize the older person’s existing abilities “Half a glass of wine theory” –Always see the positive side, the things the person can do for themselves, the abilities they have. Caregivers need to have the ability to empathize (EMPATHY): Empathy refers to the ability to put oneself in another person’s shoes in order to feel and understand their emotions. Oblivion can be the cause of all the strange wanderings fear and dread “I am afraid, I am really afraid …… I am most afraid that one day I think I should do something, and I forget what I should do …… I really forget. I forget everything, I even forget whether I should get up or go to bed …… I’m afraid of doing it wrong ……” – in the words of a person with dementia Tips to remind him of his memories1 Warm photos from the past2 Open door toilets3 Don’t change the layout of the room too often4 Be with him in many social activities and be more exposed to his surroundings5 Exercise more “Once you have Alzheimer’s you are branded. This is very embarrassing for me. Because I have Alzheimer’s, it doesn’t matter what I say, no one will listen” – the voice of a dementia patient I am thinking that a patient with dementia still has a lot to say to us, if we are willing to listen! Although a person with dementia expresses his or her emotions directly, which is sometimes painful and awkward for those around him or her, it allows us to know what he or she is experiencing inside and helps us to adjust our care plan. Feeling and expressing emotions is the last cortical function to be compromised, meaning that even patients with severe dementia remain 2. Stay together as much as possible How to approach 1 What to look for when meeting 1) Insist on some form of ritual some distance to wave to get their attention, keep smiling and be relaxed and friendly Choose an appropriate setting 1 A quiet, familiar setting helps you relax together 2 One kind of entertainment at a time Entertainment is enough 3 Close to each other is easy to interact 4 Specific environment reinforces the activities that often occur there Knowing non-verbal signals Body language Gaze, eyes, facial expressions, body movements, hand movements, all have meaning. Tone, rhythm and speed of speech Voice tone and body language show our emotions Learn to understand these signals from patients with dementia Caregivers around the world agree that patients with dementia are extremely sensitive to the body language of others. Caregivers need to learn to be a good friend to them and learn to keep it natural. Touch is a special form of communication * Touch is a way to show that we care about someone. *Even if someone has been an introvert in the past, they may be more outgoing due to the progression of dementia. Grooming, cutting fingernails, applying hand cream, are all pleasant and relaxing ways to spend time. Having an invitation for them to care for and help you will also make them doubly happy! Pets and toys may be the key to engagement 3. Shared things Shared things are mainly simple, everyday activities —- that require no special effort or expense. The principles of shared things are 1. to bring joy 2. to involve the patient 3. to make them feel valued 4. to keep trying activities that may be appropriate for the patient 5. to have fun doing nothing 6. to be present in the home (if active participation is not possible, it is very good to have the patient there) Things to share Walking together Looking at old photos together Talking together (talking about interesting things that happened in the past) Looking out the window together Singing together Read books and magazines The importance of “holidays” Although they may have lost their continuous sense of time, do not know the past and present, can no longer tell you what year it is, but spring, summer, autumn and winter, the change of seasons, for them there is infinite meaning …… enjoy the seasons, this is the joy of life! If one day someone you love has Alzheimer’s disease, don’t believe that you will lose them forever, but come into their world. You will be able to stay in touch with them for as long as you want. If your studio cares for an Alzheimer’s patient, then you will find after spending a little time with them that they are more just a person with a disease.