Treatment of atlantoaxial subluxation is relatively easy. It consists of traction repositioning and immobilization, and in some cases no treatment is given. After a few days, the patient may reset spontaneously, usually using continuous traction with the maxillo-occipital band in a neutral position. The weight of traction depends on the age of the patient, 2.5-3000 g for adults and 1.5-2000 g for children, and the weight and direction of traction should be adjusted according to the repositioning situation by taking pictures and reviewing them in time. Usually, it can be reset in 2-3 days, and traction is maintained for 2 weeks with cephalothoracic cast fixation or neck support traction for 2 weeks. However, for patients with persistent subluxation and old subluxation, cranial traction can be considered. Cranial traction can be used if effective repositioning cannot be performed and the patient has symptoms of head and neck distortion and pain. After resetting, atlantoaxial fusion surgery can be used. If resetting is not possible, active fusion surgery treatment is required.