At present, commonly used antihypertensive drugs are divided into five categories, each antihypertensive drug has its own characteristics and suitable for the population, but also has different side effects. The five commonly used antihypertensive drugs do not have the least side effects, but only show different adverse reactions. The application of the five antihypertensive drugs is based on the antihypertensive efficacy of the drugs and whether they take into account the therapeutic and protective effects of the target organs. The application of antihypertensive drugs should be started in small doses, with priority given to long-acting agents, combination drugs and individualized treatment, which can also reduce the side effects of antihypertensive drugs. The current five major classes of antihypertensive drugs can effectively lower blood pressure, have a definite cardiovascular protective effect, have small side effects, are safe and well tolerated. The application of pharmacological antihypertensive treatment to bring blood pressure to the target level can reduce the risk of complications and death from hypertension.