Anal fistula is mostly caused by recurrent perianal abscess, usually perianal abscess combined with anal fistula take abscess incision and drainage and anal fistula hanging line surgery, can treat perianal abscess and anal fistula at the same time. Patients are usually placed in the lithotomy position, given epidural anesthesia (lumbar anesthesia), and the most obvious fluctuation of perianal abscesses are punctured to extract pus, followed by cutting all the orifices, cleaning and rinsing of the abscess cavity, and keeping the drainage open. Subsequently, you can perform anal fistula hanging wire surgery, with a probe to find the fistula opening, with a rubber band or silk thread from the outer mouth to the inner mouth, through the entire fistula, the rubber band of the compression effect can be slowly cut the anal fistula fistula, simple operation, the efficacy of the exact, less bleeding, the patient’s pain is relatively small. Generally 10 to 14 days after the operation, the hanging thread can fall off by itself. Abscess incision and drainage and anal fistula hanging line surgery together, can make the abscess completely open, drainage is more smooth, and to avoid the second anal fistula surgical treatment, reduce the abscess and anal fistula recurrence rate, the anal sphincter damage is relatively small, the clinical effect is very good, the specific operation needs to be operated by a professional physician.