In 2007, World Diabetes Day was officially renamed as “United Nations Diabetes Day”, with the meaning of strengthening the publicity, education, prevention and monitoring of diabetes at the national level, and elevating the actions of experts and academics to the actions of governments in all countries, so that governments and all sectors of society can strengthen the control of diabetes and reduce the harm of diabetes. The significance of this day is to strengthen the publicity, education, prevention and monitoring of diabetes at the national level, to upgrade the actions of experts and academics to the actions of governments, and to urge governments and all sectors of society to strengthen the control of diabetes and reduce the harm of diabetes. With the development of social economy and the improvement of living standard, the aging of population and the influence of poor lifestyle, the incidence of diabetes has increased dramatically and has become the global epidemic of the 21st century. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), about 415 million adults worldwide suffered from diabetes in 2015, and at least 5 million people died from diabetes every year, accounting for 8.39% of all deaths, and the medical cost of diabetes prevention and treatment has exceeded $471 billion. In the past 30 years, the prevalence of diabetes among adults in China has rapidly increased from 0.67% in 1979 to 11.6% in 2012, and the prevalence of pre-diabetes is as high as 50.1%. This means that 6 out of every 10 Chinese adults have abnormal blood sugar. According to this ratio, the number of people with diabetes in China has reached 114 million, and the number of pre-diabetes is close to 500 million, China has now replaced India as the world’s number one country with diabetes. The typical symptoms of diabetes are “three more and one less”: drinking more, urinating more, eating more and losing weight, accompanied by fatigue and weakness. If the disease is not well controlled, further development will lead to various serious acute and chronic complications throughout the body. Acute complications include diabetic ketoacidosis, non-ketotic hyperosmolar coma, lactic acidosis, etc. With the prolongation of the disease, various metabolic disorders may also cause chronic damage to the eyes, kidneys, nerves, blood vessels and heart, eventually leading to blindness, uremia, gangrene of the lower limbs, neuropathy, severe infection, stroke or myocardial infarction. With the widespread use of insulin, acute complications of diabetes are becoming less and less common, and chronic complications have now become the main cause of disability and death in diabetic patients. 3, the “five horses” is the winning strategy to deal with diabetes For a long time, scientists around the world have been committed to overcome this world problem of diabetes, and has achieved fruitful results. In recent years, GLP-1 agonists, DPP-IV inhibitors and SGLT-2 have entered the clinic, and new technologies such as stem cell transplantation and metabolic surgery have shown us a ray of hope for the cure of diabetes. However, the world has not yet solved the problem of curing diabetes, which means that once you have diabetes, you will have to live with it for the rest of your life. The goal of diabetes treatment is to keep the patient’s disease under control for a long time. The treatment is often referred to as the “five horsemen” – diabetes education, diet, exercise, medication and disease monitoring. Diabetes education is to let patients learn and master the knowledge of diabetes prevention and treatment, because only in this way, patients can better cooperate with doctors’ treatment, and can become a master of diabetes. Diet therapy and exercise therapy are the basis of diabetes treatment, and on this basis drug therapy is used reasonably to effectively control a series of indicators such as blood sugar. In addition, we should pay attention to the monitoring of the disease, especially the self-monitoring of blood sugar, and regularly check the indicators to understand the disease and guide the treatment. Long-term practice shows that the “five horses” are the winning strategy to deal with diabetes, and only when the five horses are in parallel can diabetes be fully controlled and eventually achieve the goal of prolonging life, improving the quality of life and enjoying a good life.