OBJECTIVE: To investigate the diagnostic value of pigment magnification endoscopy for early gastric mucosal abnormalities. METHODS: Thirty-eight patients with gastric mucosal abnormalities detected by general gastroscopy were stained with US blue by oral or local spraying of mucosal remover, and the morphology of gastric hollows was observed by electronic magnification endoscopy with 100-400 times magnification, and the gastric hollows were typed with reference to. Sakaki typing criteria, divided into six basic types, were taken in the stained area for biopsy for pathological examination. Results: The abnormal gastric mucosa was stained dark or light blue, and the normal mucosa was not stained. Normal gastroscopy revealed mild elevation of the gastric mucosa, erosion and abnormal color or shade of the mucosa, and most of the magnified gastroscopy showed disorganized gastric pits with abnormal structure. We observed 4 cases of type B dimples with pathological examination suggesting chronic inflammation; 12 cases of type C with pathological findings of intestinal metaplasia, atypical hyperplasia and chronic inflammation; 15 cases of type D with pathological examination of intestinal metaplasia, atypical hyperplasia and chronic inflammation and ulcer; and 7 cases of type E with early gastric cancer and intestinal metaplasia. Conclusion: Pigment magnification endoscopy may have some guiding significance for biopsy of gastric mucosal lesions, improve the diagnosis rate of early gastric mucosal lesions, and help to detect early lesions, which is worth further study. Keywords: pigmented magnification endoscopy, gastric small concavity, pathological examination, pigmented magnification endoscopy is the application of special dyes to stain the mucosa of the gastrointestinal tract to enhance the contrast between the lesion site and the surrounding structures, and to observe changes in the fine structures of the gastrointestinal mucosa, such as glandular duct openings and microvessels, in magnification endoscopy, which helps in lesion identification and purposeful biopsy, and to detect and diagnose some lesions that are difficult to be detected by ordinary endoscopy, mainly early lesions. In this study, we used pigment magnification endoscopy to observe gastric mucosal abnormalities in order to investigate its diagnostic value for early gastric mucosal lesions. 1. Data and methods 1. 1 Study subjects Thirty-eight patients, including 21 males and 16 females, aged 22-77 years old, average 55 years old, who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in our hospital from September 2005 to April 2006, were found to have mild gastric mucosal elevation, erosion and abnormal mucosal color. 1, 2 Endoscopy The Japanese Fujinion EPX4400 electronic magnifying endoscope was used, and endoscopy and staining were performed by dedicated personnel. Routine endoscopy was performed first, and mucosal abnormalities were found in the gastric mucosa, and the mucosal remover (formula: streptavidin 200mg or α-chymotrypsin 20mg sodium bicarbonate 1g, 10 times diluted methicone oil 30ml) was sprayed locally or orally after exiting the gastroscope, and sprayed 0.5% methylene blue staining for 3 min, distilled water rinsing and aspiration after the line will be gastroscopic magnification of 100 to 400 times to observe the morphology of gastric hollows and record. 1.3 Morphological typing of gastric pits Referring to Sakaki typing criteria [1], gastric pits were divided into six basic types, type A: dotted pits, mainly in the normal gastric body and fundus; type B: linear pits or short rods, mainly in the normal gastric sinus; type C: sparse and coarse linear pits, with prolonged, tortuous pits and significantly more branching bends, which can be interconnected in a dendritic pattern, mainly seen in Type D: plaque-like concavity, seen in areas with heavy mucosal inflammation or edema and around erosion and ulcers, intestinal epithelial mucosa can also be this type; Type E: villi-like concavity, mostly seen in areas with intestinal epithelial hyperplasia; Type F: small concave structure is blurred, disorganized, extremely irregular or in small concavities. 1.4 Pathological examination A multi-point biopsy of the stained depth, fixed in 10% formalin, paraffin-embedded, sectioned and stained with HE and AB/PAS, was interpreted by the same pathologist according to the Sydney “Gastritis Classification Criteria”. The inflammation was classified as mild, moderate or severe according to the depth of infiltration of inflammatory cells in the mucosal layer. According to the degree of reduction of intrinsic glands.