OVERVIEW
OVERVIEW
Pulmonary amyloidosis is the deposition of amyloid material in the lungs, trachea or bronchi. It can be primary or secondary in origin and can be categorized into parenchymal and tracheobronchial according to the site of invasion.
Whether medical insurance
Yes
Department
Respiratory Medicine
Clinical symptoms
Shortness of breath, bronchial asthma, cough, hemoptysis, chest pain, etc.
Hazards
Pulmonary amyloidosis not only has symptoms of lung parenchyma and tracheobronchial symptoms, but also can be seen in multi-system organs, and the function of affected organs gradually fails, which seriously jeopardizes the patient’s health.
Complications
Lung abscess, bronchiectasis, chronic pyelonephritis, osteomyelitis, multiple myeloma, rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatic heart disease, leukemia, Hodgkin’s disease, etc.
Examination
X-ray film, CT, bronchoscopy, histopathologic examination, Congo red test, etc.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis can be made on the basis of clinical manifestations such as shortness of breath, bronchial asthma, cough, hemoptysis, chest pain, etc., combined with medical history and chest X-ray film, CT, bronchoscopy, histopathological examination, etc.
Treatment principle
There is no specific treatment at present. Symptomatic supportive treatment can help alleviate the condition and prolong the survival period, and actively treat the primary disease.
Curability
Pulmonary amyloidosis involves different ranges and has different treatment effects. It can be cured after localized single surgical resection, but it can recur.
Dietary advice
A light, easy-to-digest diet is appropriate, avoiding spicy and irritating foods.
Etiology
Etiology
The cause of the disease is unknown.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
Typical Symptoms
Clinical symptoms of amyloidosis depend on the site of involvement of the lesion. Parenchymal amyloidosis often has no obvious symptoms, while tracheobronchial amyloidosis may have symptoms such as shortness of breath, asthma, cough, hemoptysis, and chest pain.
Other symptoms
Secondary non-amyloidosis can be seen in multi-system chronic infectious diseases, may have the corresponding symptoms of the primary disease.
Diagnostic basis
Symptomatic patients may present with clinical manifestations such as shortness of breath, bronchial asthma, cough, hemoptysis, and chest pain. There may be a history of multi-system chronic infectious disease. Imaging manifestations chest X-ray film, CT examination: lung parenchyma type can be seen single or multiple masses, calcification or ossification within the lesion, suggesting the diagnosis of pulmonary amyloidosis. Other auxiliary tests: Congo red test is positive to support the diagnosis of amyloidosis; bronchoscopy shows nodules, and histopathologic examination can confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment of amyloidosis
Treatment guidelines
Symptomatic supportive therapy to alleviate the condition, prolong the survival period, and actively treat the primary disease.
Drug therapy
There is no specific treatment available. It is reported that adrenocorticotropic hormone, immunosuppressant, colchicine can help to alleviate the disease, and long-term intermittent application of prednisone and cyclophosphamide can significantly prolong the survival period.
Surgical treatment
Surgical resection of tracheobronchial and localized mass-like amyloidosis of the lungs may be used.
Prognosis
The prognosis of pulmonary amyloidosis varies depending on the location and extent of lesion involvement. Generally, the prognosis is good, and the prognosis of those secondary to systemic chronic infectious diseases depends on the recovery of the primary disease.
Nursing care
Daily care
Open the windows frequently to keep the indoor air fresh; pay attention to preventing cold and keeping warm to prevent colds. Quit smoking and limit alcohol, develop good living habits, avoid overwork, moderate physical exercise, and enhance physical fitness. Keep your mood happy and build up confidence to overcome the disease.
Diet
Take a light, easy-to-digest diet, avoid spicy and stimulating food.