Back pain caused by small cysts in the lumbar vertebrae may be due to degenerative lesions in the lumbar vertebrae caused by the cysts or compression of the nerves, etc. The treatment mainly includes conservative treatment and surgical treatment. 1. Conservative treatment: Intravertebral cysts may lead to degenerative lesions in the lumbar spine, resulting in pain due to the emergence of bony encumbrances. For patients with obvious pain symptoms, they can take painkillers such as indomethacin and ibuprofen as prescribed by the doctor, and they can also undergo physical therapy such as localized hot compresses, microwave, and red light therapy to relax the muscles, accelerate blood circulation, and alleviate pain. 2. Surgery: cysts growing in the spinal canal may cause nerve compression, resulting in pain. If the cysts further increase in size, and the patient has double lower extremity sensation, abnormal muscle strength, and dysfunction of bowel movements, it is recommended that timely surgical treatment be carried out to remove the cysts and relieve nerve compression. Patients with back pain caused by small cysts in the lumbar spine should actively seek medical examination and standardized treatment under the guidance of a doctor.