The right way to eat
1, intake of high-quality protein, such as eggs milk yogurt beef pork fish, etc.
2.Adequate supplement of calories.
3.Avoid taking in too much water and salt. The intake of sodium salt is 2 to 3g/day.
4.Prevent excessive intake of potassium. Potassium intake should be controlled at 2~3g/day.
5.Reduce the intake of phosphorus. If the phosphorus level is too high, it is easy to cause brittle bones and easy to fracture; at the same time, itchy skin can also occur.
6, vitamin and mineral supplementation. All water-soluble vitamins can be lost from dialysis and should be appropriately supplemented.
Pay attention to the protection of arteriovenous fistulae Internal fistulae are the lifeline of dialysis patients. Stenosis, occlusion, and infection of the fistula directly affect the outcome of dialysis. To prolong the function of the endovascular fistula, the following points should be observed.
1, after the fistula until the removal of the stitches can not get wet, can not compress the surgical site, and can not wear tight cuffed underwear.
2. Do not wear items such as watches or jewelry at the fistula after the removal of the stitches. Do not use the arm with the fistula to measure blood pressure and perform operations such as blood sampling.
3.To prevent infection, keep the skin at the arteriovenous fistula clean and do not take a bath on the day of dialysis. 4)
4, To fill the endovascular fistula, you should move the fistula arm appropriately; for example, forearm droop, use hand exercise gripper or fitness rubber band, etc.
5.Low blood pressure and excessive dehydration can cause vascular occlusion, so please pay special attention.
6.After each dialysis, to prevent studying abroad, press the puncture site with a gauze roll and take it off after 15-20 min, and pay attention to whether there is local blood leakage.
7. Make it a habit to check the patency of the arteriovenous fistula in the morning and evening. Specific method: put 2 fingers on the top of the arteriovenous fistula and feel whether there is a tremor in the blood vessel, if it becomes weak or disappears, the doctor should be notified immediately.
Develop good living habits
1, keep optimistic emotions, do not be nervous, anxious, angry.
2.Adequate sleep, so that the rest time is regular.
3, abstain from smoking and alcohol, smoking is especially harmful to dialysis patients.
4.Stop overeating, follow medical advice and eat regularly.
5, appropriate exercise and participate in beneficial activities to enhance physical fitness, slow down osteoporosis, prevent heart disease and arteriosclerosis, etc.
6, clearly understand yourself, daily measurement of weight, blood pressure, water intake, and understanding the results of blood tests are very beneficial to the self-management of diet.
Appropriate physical exercise
Physical exercise can improve several metabolic abnormalities present in dialysis patients, improve the utilization of sugar, lower plasma triglycerides, and also reduce apprehension and mental stress.
1, oxygen exercise, slow walking, walking, tai chi, dancing, etc. Older people can do 30min of slow walking every day.
2, can engage in some easier work, promote more housework, and insist on participating in social activities. Patients must leave each other’s phone numbers with the department during home care so that they can keep in touch with each other frequently and patients can get timely treatment in case of emergency without delaying their condition.