I. Diet: routine diet for uremic patients, no special restrictions on patients’ diet for surgery. Second, postoperative oral antibiotics: postoperative oral antimicrobials can be taken for 3 days according to the condition, oral penicillin and cephalosporin antibiotics are recommended. (If the patient is hospitalized outside the hospital, intravenous medication can be given.) Third, postoperative wound recovery: 3-4 days postoperative wound dressing change, general postoperative wound recovery is good, can be 2 weeks after surgery wound stitch removal. If the wound healing is not good, it is necessary to continue the wound dressing change and postpone the removal of stitches. If the postoperative wound oozes more blood, you should go to the hospital as soon as possible. Postoperative observation of the upper limb fistula and upper limb exercise: (1) Postoperative observation of the internal fistula pulsation, feel with your hand whether there is tremor or auscultation of the vascular murmur, if there is, it indicates that the internal fistula is open. If there is, the fistula is open. If not, the patient should go to the outpatient clinic for review as soon as possible. (2) Early on, ask the patient to elevate the operated limb, forbid to lie on the affected side, and observe whether the fistula site is bleeding or overly tightly wrapped to promote blood flow and prevent thrombosis. (3) It is strictly forbidden to perform intravenous injection, blood transfusion, infusion, blood pressure measurement, holding heavy objects, wearing ornaments or watches on the operated limb to avoid occlusion of the fistula, and to wear underwear with loose cuffs as much as possible. (4) To promote the maturation of the internal fistula as soon as possible, the maturation of the internal fistula refers to the expansion of the internal fistula vein and the hypertrophy of the vein wall under the impact of arterial blood. The maturation of the endovascular fistula generally takes 4-6 weeks after surgery, and you can use the fingers of the operated side to do the brace grasp fist exercise, squeeze the rubber ball, lift the dumbbell, etc. 1~2 weeks after surgery.
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