“Doctor, why does my child have a fever several times a month?” “Why does my child have a fever when he is discharged from the hospital?” “Why does my child always have a cough, or cough for a long time?” “Doctor, how do you treat the sick, my child has a fever again before he is discharged from the hospital?”
This kind of language is often used by families to complain about their children’s illnesses, and they often go to the doctor repeatedly for this reason. It is true that it is really distressing for parents to have their children sick, not only because it costs money, but also because it takes a lot of effort, which makes it very hard for the family members, and they often look for trouble with the doctor, thinking that the doctor used the wrong medication or the technology is not good.
The above phenomenon can be categorized as recurrent respiratory infections and so on. The main reason why children are prone to recurrent respiratory infections is due to the weakened respiratory resistance of children and the increased pathogenicity of microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses. The treatment of viruses and bacteria can be handled by doctors. Children in the same environment are more likely to get sick due to their poor resistance.
Etiology The resistance of a child should be related to the immune capacity of the body in medical terms. The strength of the immune response is directly related to the body’s ability to cause disease or not. It can be divided into non-specific immune response and specific immune response. Non-specific immunity constitutes the first line of defense of the body and cooperates and participates in the specific immune response. Specific immune responses can be manifested as normal physiological reactions, abnormal pathological reactions and immune tolerance. The specific immune response can be divided into cellular immune response mediated by sensitized T cells and humoral immune response mediated by antibodies, depending on the immune mediators mediating the effector response. It refers to the body’s defense response to the passage of pathogens or foreign substances through the immune system. When a pathogen or foreign substance invades the body, it stimulates the lymphocytes in the body to produce humoral and cellular immunity.
The immune response includes allergic reaction, so allergic factors play an important role in causing the disease. The Bozhou region is an alpine region, and in winter, the difference between indoor and outdoor temperatures is very large, the room is heated, the air is dry, and the dust and mites in the air do not easily fall on the ground and are inhaled into the nasal cavity (i.e., allergic rhinitis attacks). In addition, children’s nasal cavity is rich in blood vessels, mucous membrane weak, extremely due to external stimuli (hot and cold, allergens, pathogens, etc.) appear congestion edema, vascular permeability enhanced again pathogenic bacteria, allergens into the body and the onset, in turn, usually respiratory tract infections patients at the same time easy to cause sinusitis.
Allergic rhinitis is a common term, medically also called allergic rhinitis. In children, the sinus openings are curved and short, so they can easily develop together with rhinitis. Therefore, allergic rhinitis and paranasal sinusitis are clinically referred to as rhinosinusitis. The onset of the disease is often characterized by allergic rhinitis manifestations such as nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing and nasal itching, but also by multisystem manifestations (sinusitis symptoms) such as headache, nasal pain, dizziness, nausea and chest tightness. Physical examination may reveal enlarged inferior turbinates, inflamed tonsils, posterior pharyngeal wall drip and throat wall congestion and hematoma, pseudomembranes or follicular hyperplasia. Magnetic resonance imaging of the paranasal sinuses is clearer and more sensitive than CT imaging. Treatment is mainly anti-allergic, anti-infective and symptomatic. The disease can lead to bronchopneumonia, myocarditis, gastroenteritis, encephalitis, dermatitis, and other diseases. It is important to seek medical advice and follow the doctor’s instructions when you are sick.
How to prevent?
Prevention of this disease is important, and by prevention, I mean prevention of allergies and the development of allergic rhinosinusitis. Prevention of nasal inhalation of excessive allergens and curing agents. How to do it? In general, there are three main strategies to reduce the differential production of allergens, stop allergen nasal inhalation and reduce the sensitization of the body (and desensitization treatment).
First, how to reduce allergen production? First of all, we should know what children are allergic to, that is, we should do allergen testing, including both food and inhalation, for allergic sinusitis inhalation allergens are more important, and there may be variation as age increases. The most common allergens in the air include mites and airborne dust, followed by pollen, animal fur and special leaves, and special irritating smells (paint, etc.). For the mite category to frequently expose clothing and quilts, open windows, humidify the air (humidified air) and so on.
Second, how to stop allergens inhalation, mainly for wearing masks, leaving the environment with allergens.
Third, how to desensitize the body? Generally need to know what allergens the patient is sensitive to, and then take specific desensitization reagents for desensitization treatment, generally 1 year to 3 years, time-consuming, but the best results. The most effective and common desensitization reagent on the market today is the mite type. Other desensitization reagents are not easily available.