Cranial repair is a routine procedure in neurosurgery and one that has a very long history. It has been practiced by our ancestors for thousands of years. After a long period of development and progress, cranial repair surgery has become very mature and widely performed under modern medical conditions. One of the most important factors affecting the outcome of cranial repair is the choice of cranial repair materials. This is also an important issue for most patients with cranial defects, who often ask what materials are used to repair the skull and what are the adverse reactions behind. In fact, in the long history of development and evolution, cranial repair materials are also undergoing constant changes and innovation. During the development of cranial bone repair, velvet sheet, metal sheet, animal bone, autologous bone, plexiglass, calcium phosphate bone cement, hydroxyapatite, silicone, etc. have been used. However, all these materials have been withdrawn from the historical stage and are no longer used due to various problems. At present, the skull repair material that is more widely used in general primary hospitals in various parts of the country is titanium mesh material. Compared with the earlier materials, titanium mesh material is advanced. However, it is not ideal, and there are some defects and shortcomings in clinical application, and there may be some adverse reactions after surgery. For example, some patients may suffer from infection and rejection after titanium mesh cranial repair, abrasion of scalp, resulting in scalp ulceration and material exposure, which may affect the postoperative CT magnetic examination; because of the non-insulation of titanium mesh, patients may be more sensitive to the external hot and cold environment after surgery, resulting in discomfort. In addition, the hardness of titanium mesh is not too high, so it is easy to deform if hit by external force, causing the scalp collapse and so on. Therefore, titanium mesh is not a very ideal material for skull repair. At present, there is a new and more advanced material – polyetheretherketone peek material. This is a special polymer material, its properties are very close to the human autologous cranial bone, and even stronger than the autologous cranial bone in some aspects. peek material is excellent in tissue compatibility, material hardness, elasticity, heat insulation, radiolucency and shaping effect, which can overcome the above-mentioned problems that may arise from titanium mesh material and achieve excellent repair effect, becoming the new trend of cranial bone repair material. It has become a new trend of cranial repair material.