Strict glycemic control in diabetic patients can reduce or delay the onset or development of chronic complications in the diabetic eye, kidney and foot. However, some patients can still develop chronic complications even with better glycemic control. And since complications from diabetes may occur slowly when you have no symptoms, all people with diabetes should be routinely screened for chronic complications so that they can be treated early. Who should be screened? How often? Because type 2 diabetes starts slowly and about 20% of people with type 2 diabetes already have complications after the initial diagnosis, type 2 diabetes should be screened from the time of diagnosis, and evaluation for chronic complications of diabetes should be done annually. What are the complication reviews? The evaluation of complications can be done by your doctor or other trained medical personnel and should include the following tests: (1) Evaluation of eye disease Patients are sometimes unaware that they have diabetic eye disease and often do not realize that they should prevent blindness until they have significantly lost their vision. It is not until the end stage of diabetes that damage to the fundus of the eye affects vision, so routine screening is very important. Your ophthalmologist will use tests to determine if a diabetic patient has diabetic eye disease. These tests include: Visual acuity: Visual acuity is the most basic and should be checked once a year. Examination of the retina (fundus): to understand how many stages of fundus lesions and to give advice on treatment. (2) Kidney examination: Blood pressure measurement, 24-hour urine microalbumin and urine protein quantification. Test blood creatinine and urea nitrogen. Early detection of diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy. (3) Foot examination Diabetic patients can have nerve damage and vascular atherosclerosis of the feet. The doctor should first ask whether there is pain, numbness, pins and needles in both lower limbs, take off shoes and socks to check whether there are local calluses, corns or dry and cracked skin, skin color, temperature, touch the dorsal arteries of the feet and check the absence of sweat hair on the legs and feet to clarify the reduction of blood flow. The temperature sensation, tremor sensation, bilateral Achilles tendon reflex, ankle reflex, etc. can be used to understand whether there is nerve damage and whether there is a possibility of foot ulcers. The vascular and neurological condition of the lower extremities can also be detected by instruments. Inform patients to recognize their risk factors and give proper foot care and education. (4) Assessment of macrovascular disease It is clear that diabetic patients are more susceptible to vascular disease than the normal population and are prone to cardiac lesions such as cardiac striae and myocardial infarction. In patients with type 2 diabetes, it is particularly important to identify and treat associated risk factors (e.g., hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or smoking). To assess the risk of macrovascular disease, physicians will ask about smoking, the presence of clinical symptoms, a family history of heart disease, and a history of other medical conditions. Blood lipid levels are tested. Blood pressure is measured, an electrocardiogram, and an ultrasound are required. If the patient has certain risk factors, the doctor will try to help you reduce those risk factors to reduce the risk of heart disease. In conclusion, there is no way to completely prevent complications from occurring or developing. That’s why it’s even more important that we screen for diabetes complications early and treat them promptly. This is because patients who are screened for complications early and treated promptly have a better outcome. This means that it is essential that all diabetic patients be screened for diabetic complications by trained or experienced medical staff. If this were done, the range of personal and social burdens associated with chronic complications of diabetes would be significantly reduced.