The size of the thyroid nodule that requires surgery should be determined by the condition and the individual. Benign goiter usually requires surgery when the nodule is more than 3cm in size. Most of the time, benign thyroid nodules are treated with medication and diet. When surgery is needed for benign thyroid nodules, the indications for surgery are suspected malignancy, secondary hyperthyroidism, compression of the trachea, esophagus, or recurrent laryngeal nerve by the thyroid nodule, and a thyroid nodule that is interfering with life and work. In most cases, thyroid nodules larger than 3cm can cause thyroid nodule compression of the trachea, esophagus, recurrent laryngeal nerve or thyroid nodule has affected life and work. Therefore, surgery is usually required for nodules larger than 3cm. If other tests, such as pathologic examination, imaging examination suggests that the nodule is malignant, then we need to follow the doctor’s advice and timely surgery, so as to avoid delaying the condition. Medications should be used under the guidance of a physician, and if the thyroid nodule is malignant, treatment should be carried out as soon as possible.