The prevalence of strabismus in children is about 2%, and the earlier the onset of strabismus, the greater the impact on visual acuity and binocular vision function. Therefore, the earlier strabismus occurs in children, the earlier it should be treated. How to treat strabismus? 1. Adjustable strabismus: This type of strabismus can be completely corrected after wearing a distance vision lens. The best and only way to treat this type of strabismus is to wear appropriate glasses. 2.Acute common strabismus: It is a sudden acute constant strabismus caused by a certain cause of binocular visual dysfunction. After the onset of the disease, there is diplopia, but no paralytic strabismus ocular and neurological signs. For this type of strabismus of unknown cause, in order to avoid the threat of damage to visual acuity and binocular visual function caused by strabismus in pediatric patients, surgery can be given after the strabismus is stabilized by fitting a pressed and taped trigeminal lens. 3, congenital vertical strabismus: mostly caused by neuromuscular palsy or congenital abnormal development of extraocular muscles, patients often show an obvious “crooked head”, such strabismus needs to be corrected by surgery as soon as possible. 4.Intermittent exotropia: Patients with this type of exotropia have certain ability to control eye position, and need to observe the developmental changes. When the patient’s control ability becomes worse, the frequency of strabismus increases, and the visual function of both eyes decreases, early surgery is needed to correct the strabismus. In conclusion, clinically, except for the adjustable strabismus caused by hyperopia and convergence, which can be completely corrected by wearing glasses, all other types of strabismus basically need surgery. Obtaining a certain degree of fusion after strabismus surgery will help maintain the orthophoric position of the eye and help the patient regain normal or some degree of stereopsis. Is strabismus surgery scary? Most parents believe that it is unsafe and even scary to operate on their child’s eye at a young age. In fact, strabismus surgery is not performed inside the eye, but on the muscles on the surface of the eye. By adjusting the tightness of the muscles, strengthening a certain muscle or weakening a certain muscle, the muscles of the eye can be rebalanced, keeping the visual axis of both eyes parallel, eliminating strabismus, helping the child to “see with both eyes”, and creating good visual conditions for the development of binocular vision. The younger the child is, the better the treatment will be. At present, many hospitals in China have carried out minimally invasive strabismus surgery under a microscope, which not only makes strabismus surgery less invasive and fast recovery after surgery, but also avoids the operation risks that may occur during surgery (such as more bleeding and damage to the eye wall, etc.). After strabismus surgery, pay attention to post-operative rehabilitation Although strabismus surgery is a minimally invasive surgery, there is an incision after all, and there will be a few drops of bleeding near the incision, so there should still be mild redness and swelling after surgery, which is relatively obvious on the 2nd to 4th day after surgery, and the swelling usually starts to decrease significantly on the 5th day after surgery. Parents should understand these inevitable physiological processes and wait patiently and reassuringly for the surgical trauma to recover slowly. There is no need for systemic medication and injections to prevent infection after surgery, as long as the eye is medicated on time. The problem of double vision in the early postoperative period usually varies from person to person. Some diplopia is due to the large angle of the original strabismus, inconsistent strabismus in different directions, or a large difference in the degree of strabismus between near and far, which needs to be corrected in stages or the early existence of over-correction in a certain distance strabismus, etc., which needs to be gradually recovered. Moreover, certain types of strabismus are prone to recurrence (especially in children), such as the most typical “under-concentrated exotropia”, in which the near strabismus is significantly greater than the far strabismus. This requires the surgeon to take this into account when designing the surgical volume, so that there is a small amount of overcorrection after strabismus surgery to reduce the chances of recurrence. Therefore, – it is normal for children with exotropia to have the appearance of internal strabismus or small angles of internal strabismus for a short period of time after surgery. Parents need to relax and wait for several weeks or even months, and it will usually slowly return to the correct position. Do not create a tense atmosphere for the child by observing every day, the psychological implication of mental tension is not conducive to the child’s recovery. Some children need some functional training after surgery to help them regain binocular vision, while others need to change glasses in time to correct refractive errors and improve clarity of vision. These need to be selected at the time of review. Therefore, most strabismus requires surgery, and the earlier the strabismus occurs in a child, the earlier the surgery is needed.