A significant or acute increase in blood pressure in hypertensive patients with specific symptoms in the brain, heart, kidney, retina and other vital organs is called hypertensive emergencies. The incidence of hypertensive emergencies accounts for 5% of the hypertensive population and commonly includes hypertensive encephalopathy, cerebral hemorrhage, acute left heart failure, colistin acute discontinuation syndrome, acute myocardial infarction, and acute progressive malignant hypertension. Medical experts suggest that family members with sudden onset of hypertension should be given first aid according to the following symptoms: 1, the patient suddenly palpitated shortness of breath, sitting breathing, blue lips, loss of limb movement, accompanied by pink foamy sputum, to consider acute left heart failure, the patient should be instructed to legs down, take a sitting position, such as the availability of oxygen bags, timely inhalation of oxygen, and quickly notify the emergency center. 2, blood pressure suddenly rises, accompanied by nausea, vomiting, severe headache, panic, frequent urination, and even blurred vision, that is, hypertensive encephalopathy has appeared. Family members should reassure the patient to take it easy, rest in bed, and take antihypertensive drugs in time, and also take diuretics, sedatives, etc. 3, the patient after exertion or excitement, angina, or even myocardial infarction or acute heart failure, pain in the precordial region, chest tightness, and extended to the neck, left shoulder back or upper limbs, pale, cold sweat, then the patient should be told to rest quietly, take a nitroglycerin or a amyl nitrite, and inhale oxygen. 4, the onset of hypertension patients, will be accompanied by cerebrovascular accidents, in addition to headache, vomiting, and even impaired consciousness or limb paralysis, at this time, the patient should be lying down, head to the side to avoid impaired consciousness, or violent vomiting will vomit into the airway, and then notify the emergency center.