Swelling and pain in the lumbar region and thigh root may be caused by lumbar disc herniation, lumbar spinal stenosis, femoral head necrosis, etc. Targeted treatment, such as medication, physical therapy, surgery, etc., should be carried out under the guidance of the doctor. 1. Lumbar disc herniation: most patients present with lumbago and sciatica, accompanied by radiating pain, numbness and weakness in the lower limbs, which affects the patient’s walking and lumbar activities. Consider non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as ibuprofen, diclofenac, etc., can also be traction, massage and other physical therapy; if the conservative treatment is ineffective, then the need for surgical treatment. 2. Lumbar spinal stenosis: it often causes lumbago, sciatica, radiating pain in the lower limbs, numbness in the lower limbs, weakness in the lower limbs and other symptoms. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as meloxicam and celecoxib, can be chosen for their anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving functions; some patients with severe conditions and obvious tissue damage may need surgical treatment. 3. Femoral head necrosis: mainly manifested as pain in the hip and thigh (may radiate pain to the waist), claudication, lower limb shortening deformity and other symptoms. Serious patients need surgical treatment, such as core decompression, osteotomy, artificial hip replacement and so on. However, this symptom alone is not enough to diagnose the disease, and it may be caused by other factors. It is recommended that the patient should consult the doctor in time, ask the doctor to clarify the cause and give targeted treatment, do not blindly self-medication.