The common clinical causes of back pain in female patients after childbirth are mainly the following: First, patients in pregnancy due to the role of the uterus and the sagging of the fetus, can cause continuous stretching of the muscles of the low back to produce damage, and obvious pain symptoms after childbirth. Patients need to take sufficient rest, massage and physiotherapy for the muscles of the low back, external application of pain relief cream, and acupuncture stimulation to improve peripheral blood circulation, which can effectively reduce the pain symptoms of the low back; second, patients with lumbar disc herniation can experience increased symptoms of lumbar disc herniation after childbirth, causing local nerve compression and manifesting as back pain. Patients need to reduce heavy body work and massage physiotherapy for the muscles of the low back. If the pain cannot be relieved, the magnetic resonance examination of the lumbar spine can be improved to clarify the severity of the lumbar disc herniation, and if necessary, surgery can be performed to release the nerve compression and improve the back pain symptoms.