A simple enlargement of the thyroid gland that is not painful usually does not require treatment, but if the thyroid gland is significantly enlarged with symptoms of pressure, even if it is not painful, treatment is needed. Usually, an enlarged thyroid is a goiter, while a simple goiter is a diffuse enlargement of the thyroid gland, usually without abnormal thyroid function. While goiter is mainly due to the thyroid gland’s inability to produce thyroid hormone normally, it is mostly considered to be related to iodine deficiency, goitrogenic substances, and genetic mutations. If in the early stage, the enlargement is not yet serious, the thyroid function is normal, generally asymptomatic, generally do not need treatment, regular monitoring of the condition can be; if the patient goiter is significant, causing pressure symptoms, then need to be timely in the guidance of the doctor reasonable treatment. It is recommended that patients with simple hypertrophy of the thyroid gland without pain should strictly evaluate their condition under the guidance of a doctor and take reasonable treatment measures as prescribed by the doctor if necessary.