The incidence of complex congenital heart disease accounts for about 20% of congenital heart disease and is an important cause of death and disability in infants and children in China. Unlike simple congenital heart disease, complex congenital heart disease has a low natural survival rate and is difficult to treat, presenting a more serious challenge to cardiac surgeons, but most complex congenital heart disease is still curable if reasonable surgical techniques and surgical methods are used. So what are the common complex congenital heart diseases? 1, tetralogy of Fallot Speaking of complex congenital heart disease, the most common is tetralogy of Fallot. Farrow’s tetralogy refers to the coexistence of four malformations: pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, aortic span and right ventricular hypertrophy. As the condition worsens, it is susceptible to life-threatening health problems. The average natural survival is about 10 years, thus determining the necessity and urgency of early surgical treatment of infantile tetralogy of Fallot. Tetralogy of Fallot can be treated by different methods depending on the condition. The most common and effective method is to perform radical surgery. That is, the defective part is replaced and the stenosis can be resolved by unblocking the outflow tract, resolving the valve stenosis, widening the pulmonary artery reconstruction, etc. Depending on the situation, the appropriate technique is used to resolve the stenosis. Under normal circumstances, some patients can become basketball players. This type of surgery has a history of more than 40 years by now, and there are records of patients who have lived for more than 30 years after surgery. 2. transposition of the aorta Transposition of the aorta is a complex congenital malformation in which the aorta and pulmonary artery are anatomically swapped, forming an abnormality between the body and pulmonary circulation. If the treatment is not timely, the mortality rate reaches 30% within 1 week after birth, 50% within 1 month, and 70% within 6 months. Therefore, transposition of the great arteries is usually operated within two weeks of birth. In recent years, domestic diagnostic and surgical techniques for precocious heart disease have developed rapidly, and the success rate of surgical correction in experienced hospitals has reached more than 95%. A large number of clinical studies have shown that surviving children can participate in normal learning and general sports activities, and have a near-normal or normal quality of life. Is it better to treat complex precardiac disease as early as possible? The timing of surgery should be determined by the patient’s condition. Some need surgery right away, and some patients may be born two or three days old, or five or six days old and need surgery. But these patients may need to wait, just like poorly developed pulmonary arteries or narrowed pulmonary outflow tracts, until the child is older and appropriate to consider surgery. Some children will not survive without surgery, so we must find a way to operate on the patient. Surgery cannot be radical, but can only be considered as bypass and palliative surgery, so that the patient can live first and let the lung and heart vascular conditions develop further, and then consider surgery at the right time. For example, the same aortic transposition, as soon as possible, palliative, conventional surgery three kinds are possible, parents should take their children to the hospital with conditions to check, and find experienced doctors to help provide some advice. Post-operative care for children with complex precardiac disease Children with complex precardiac disease need careful care after treatment. As there is a process of heart healing after surgery, early heart function is still relatively poor, and some drugs are needed to promote its recovery and regular review at the hospital. In addition, you should not exercise strenuously after the operation. If the process is not paid enough attention and the amount of exercise is too much, it may adversely affect the outcome of the operation. Be sure to wait until it is completely grown up, before doing proper exercise. A portion of patients can have a family and have children after surgery. This has to be evaluated according to the child’s surgery. It is also important to note that some family members should be aware of the psychological changes of the child at different times after surgery, and should be more communicative and caring to the child, but not pampering.