Old lesions in the lingual segment of the upper lobe of the left lung, most of which are left due to previous tuberculosis, do not require special treatment and only require periodic review, which needs to be performed for six months to a year, with or without dynamic changes during the observation period. If the patient has other clinical manifestations, such as cough, sputum, low-grade fever, malaise, night sweats, and weight loss, further investigations are needed, commonly including routine blood tests, blood sedimentation, C-reactive protein, calcitoninogen, and other related tests to assess the presence of pathogenic bacterial infections. If the patient has pathogenic infection, different targeted treatments should be taken according to different pathogenic bacteria, such as antibiotics for bacterial infection and anti-tuberculosis treatment for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.