High total bilirubin and direct bilirubin may indicate the presence of liver disease, which requires medication or surgery. Total bilirubin and direct bilirubin are important indicators of liver function. Elevated total bilirubin and direct bilirubin are mostly indicative of hepatitis, cirrhosis, liver cancer, etc. Total bilirubin and direct bilirubin are also elevated in cases of biliary obstruction caused by cholangiocarcinoma and pancreatic head cancer. Hepatitis requires antiviral and hepatoprotective treatments; cirrhosis is mainly treated with antifibrosis and antiviral treatments; if there is biliary obstruction, we can consider medication to dissolve the stone or surgery to relieve the obstruction; if there is hepatocellular carcinoma or cholangiocarcinoma, we need to surgically remove the cancerous tissues if necessary. It is suggested that when bilirubin is elevated, patients should seek medical treatment as soon as possible to find out the cause of the disease and then treat it, and should not blindly use medication to avoid delaying the condition.