Thalassemia can be detected by hemoglobin electrophoresis. Because thalassemia is a genetic disease, due to genetic gene defect, the peptide chain of pearl protein cannot be synthesized normally, which makes the patient develop the symptoms of hemolytic anemia. That is, patients with thalassemia produce abnormal hemoglobin, and hemoglobin electrophoresis means that both sides of the agar slurry are energized, and then the hemoglobin swims to both sides according to the different charges produced by different hemoglobins. If there is abnormal hemoglobin, due to the different molecular weights, the speed of hemoglobin movement to both sides will be different, and this will produce abnormal hemoglobin electrophoretic bands. If there is a significant abnormal hemoglobin electrophoresis band, it is basically possible to determine the presence of abnormal hemoglobin, and this will lead to a general inference that thalassemia is present. To confirm the diagnosis of thalassemia, a test for the thalassemia gene is also required.