The kidneys are located deep in our abdomen and are about the size of two fists. The function of the kidneys is to excrete waste, drugs and toxic substances. The waste produced by the body’s metabolism will be circulated to the kidneys through the blood, and then the kidneys will filter out the waste and excrete it in the form of urine. People often go to the nephrology department because of “kidney deficiency”, here we need to clarify that “kidney disease” in Western medicine and “kidney deficiency” in Chinese medicine are two completely different concepts, both of them are different and related. They are both different and related. The term “kidney deficiency” is a unique theory in Chinese medicine, which refers not only to the kidneys but also to the endocrine, immune, urinary, reproductive, respiratory, nervous, blood and motor systems as a whole. In a broad sense, almost all physical diseases can be caused by “kidney deficiency”. The kidney collects essence, the kidney is the master of water, the kidney is the master of bone, the kidney is the master of qi, the kidney opens the ear, and the kidney is the master of the two stools. Kidney deficiency can be divided into two categories: kidney yin deficiency and kidney yang deficiency. Kidney Yin deficiency is characterized by soreness of the waist and knees, dizziness and tinnitus, insomnia and dreaminess, hot flashes and night sweats, dry throat and red cheeks, red tongue with little fluid, thin pulse, etc. You can take medicines such as Liu Wei Di Huang Wan and Zuo Gui Wan. Kidney Yang deficiency manifests as soreness in the waist and knees, coldness in the body and limbs, impotence and premature ejaculation, mental drowsiness, pale and fat tongue with teeth marks, weak pulse and other symptoms, which can be treated with Jin Kui Kidney Qi Pill and Right Return Pill. In contrast, kidney diseases in Western medicine are diseases caused by problems in the ability of the kidneys to excrete metabolic waste and regulate water in the body, including various types of nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, chronic renal insufficiency, as well as kidney stones and kidney tumors. Therefore, the treatment of kidney diseases should be based on the different causes of evidence-based treatment, do not just “kidney supplementation”. In clinical practice, we also found that there are many intrinsic links between kidney disease and kidney deficiency. For example, most patients with kidney disease have kidney deficiency, patients with nephrotic syndrome have kidney qi and yin deficiency, and patients with uremia have both kidney yin and kidney yang deficiency; kidney deficiency over time is prone to proteinuria or hematuria, and even kidney failure; Chinese medicine “the kidney is the master of bone, the outer skin and hair” coincides with the kidney to activate the vitamin D3 produced by the skin and thus affect the calcium and phosphorus metabolism of the bones; Chinese medicine The mechanism of “generating marrow” coincides with the kidney’s production of erythropoietin, which in turn affects the bone marrow’s production of red blood cells. In Chinese medicine, “the kidney is the master of water and the two stools” coincides with the urinary function of the kidney. In Chinese medicine, “the kidney is the main organizer of qi” coincides with the kidney’s system of maintaining the body’s acid-base balance. Kidney disease is often insidious, a silent disease, an invisible killer. Unlike other organs in the human body, the kidney does not feel any obvious discomfort when it is sick, in fact, “the kidney does not moan when it is sick” is caused by its extremely special physiological structure. One of the special features is that the kidney has an extremely strong compensatory capacity, even if the kidney function is lost by more than 50%, the total kidney function can still be maintained within the normal range, therefore, the kidney function will still feel normal after the damage; the second special feature is that the kidney is innervated by the visceral nerves, and the pain is not obvious. Therefore, when many people take into account the kidney health, they have already missed the period when simple adjustment can effectively improve, and the damaged kidney condition has become very serious at this time. From the overall situation of the world, chronic kidney disease is characterized by the “three highs” of high prevalence, high rate of combined cardiovascular disease and high mortality, and the “three lows” of low awareness rate, low prevention and treatment rate and low awareness of combined cardiovascular disease. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to the prevention and treatment of kidney disease, and early detection and treatment is crucial.