There are many treatments for herniated discs, conservative treatments include bed rest, traction, medication, physical therapy, closure, etc. Most patients can relieve their symptoms with a period of conservative treatment. Surgery is divided into minimally invasive techniques and open line surgery. There are many minimally invasive techniques, such as collagenase nucleolysis, radiofrequency ablation, ozone, laser, electrothermal cautery, percutaneous puncture and pressure, etc. All these techniques are effective for patients with small protrusion, early stage, spinal canal not narrowed and relatively young patients, or maintain a period of symptom relief, and some patients can maintain long-term results. There are two main reasons why these minimally invasive techniques are ineffective in some patients, one is that these techniques may not completely eliminate the nucleus pulposus of the herniated disc, and the other is that the disc will degenerate further as we age. In fact, there is another type of minimally invasive, such as discoscopic discectomy (incision 2 cm), small incision discectomy (incision 3-4 cm), etc. These two techniques have small incisions and little damage to the lumbar muscles, but the impact on the vertebrae is the same as the usual mentioned surgery. The usual open surgery mentioned by doctors is an open surgery with an incision of 4-6 cm, which is operated under direct vision. Relatively speaking, the incision is larger and affects the muscles more (in the eyes of most surgeons, these are nothing), but the advantages are outstanding, with a clear visual field after exposure, shorter operation time, more complete decompression, and a wider range of adaptation. For a particular patient, the surgeon chooses the appropriate method of treatment based on his or her experience and on the patient’s specific situation and in consultation with the patient. The methods can be different and the views can be inconsistent, but the purpose is the same and the general principle is the same. For example, in the treatment of herniated disc, it is agreed that conservative treatment should be taken first. After 3-6 months of strict formal treatment is ineffective and affects normal life and work, minimally invasive or open surgery should be considered. If minimally invasive surgery is ineffective, open surgery should be considered. For those who have combined urinary and faecal dysfunction or foot prolapse (foot thumb cannot be uplifted and ankle joint cannot be dorsally extended), especially those whose CT shows that they belong to prolapse free type, emergency surgery should be resolutely chosen to avoid serious sequelae. Wang Haijiao, Department of Orthopedics, Luohe Central Hospital