Not all fractures require surgery, and we often encounter children with fractures in our workplace. To assess whether a fracture requires surgery, we need to refer to the treatment protocols for neurosurgery and traumatic brain injury. Fractures that require surgery include: 1) fracture depression of more than 1 cm; 2) fracture compression to important functional areas, resulting in some neurological dysfunction; 3) fractures of open traumatic brain injury; 4) fractures resulting in venous sinus and large blood vessel compression, when it is also necessary to pay attention to adequate preoperative blood preparation because of possible intraoperative hemorrhage; 5) growth fractures in children also require treatment; 6) skull base fractures are mostly treated conservatively The only cases that may require skull fracture repair are those in which cerebrospinal fluid leakage occurs and does not heal completely for more than 1 month. Except for the fractures in the above cases, the rest of the fractures are usually treated conservatively.