Asian nasolabial folds typing and treatment strategies

  The nasolabial folds are one of the first signs of aging in the body. Many expressions and movements, such as smiling and crying, are initiated by changes in the morphology of the nasolabial folds. Currently, the anatomical structure of the nasolabial folds is still somewhat controversial, and many structural areas need to be considered in a multifactorial manner.  Nasolabial Folds and Treatment Strategies 1. Skin Type This type of nasolabial fold is more common and is referred to as the “classic nasolabial fold” by many physicians. When evaluating this type of nasolabial folds, it is important to first distinguish them from skin wrinkles. Skin wrinkles are a reflection of the aging of the epidermis, whereas nasolabial folds are caused by aging damage and the effects of gravity on the epidermis.  In young and middle-aged candidates, their epidermis is relatively unaged and in its natural state, there are only a few fine lines in the nasolabial folds, so if they have a need for aesthetic treatment, fillers or laser treatment would be a better choice.  For middle-aged and old-aged candidates, their epidermal aging is relatively serious and their nasolabial folds look saggy and saggy.  Because skin aging is inevitable, most middle-aged and elderly seekers belong to this type or mixed type.  2.Fat pad type This type is very common among young beauty seekers and is manifested as thick fat pad or plump cheekbone area, thus making the nasolabial folds appear depressed. Because of the large amount of tissue on the side of the nasolabial folds, the effect of gravity is increased, which accelerates the aging of the skin in the nasolabial folds and is accompanied by some dermal damage.  This type of candidates can undergo liposuction of the fat pad or reshaping of the cheekbone, and then still need to decide whether to undergo face lift surgery.  3.Muscle type Some of the muscle fibers of the orbicularis muscle, some of the transverse nasal muscles, the nasal lift muscle, the upper lip lift muscle, the zygomaticus minor muscle and the orofacial descending muscle are embedded in the nasolabial folds, among which the nasal lift muscle, the upper lip lift muscle and the zygomaticus minor muscle are the main muscles that extend the deep nasolabial folds. If these muscles are overactive, skin creases and dermal damage can occur in the nasolabial folds.  For such candidates, botulinum toxin injections can be used to reduce muscle tone; in the case of older candidates, complementary face lift treatment is recommended. Botulinum toxin injection dose should be relatively conservative, such as 1 unit per injection point, and multi-point small dose injection path is recommended.  4.Bone recession type Binder syndrome (congenital midface recession) and patients with secondary cleft lip and palate have symptoms of bone recession around the pear-shaped foramen. The nasolabial folds caused by this type of condition are more common in young candidates and mainly manifest as wide depressions in the upper part of the nasolabial folds; in middle-aged and older candidates, these folds often coexist with other types.  Binder syndrome and secondary cleft lip and palate patients can be treated with osteotomy and bone grafting with fillers. Candidates with mild symptoms may choose to fill the area around the pear-shaped foramen with polytetrafluoroethylene or other graftable material. Fillers such as hyaluronic acid can also be used, but they are more expensive to use and have a shorter maintenance time.  5.Mixed type The characteristics and treatment methods of several other types are combined, and the corresponding treatment analysis is done according to the specific situation of the applicant.  Treatment methods for different types of nasolabial folds are different, and proper evaluation and typing are important. Future studies may further subclassify and quantify the differences in nasolabial folds using CT and MRI to better apply these results in the clinic.