The incidence of melanoma is very high in foreign countries, with the highest incidence in Caucasians. In China, although the incidence of melanoma is not as high as lung cancer and stomach cancer, it has been on a rapid rise in recent years, with nearly 20,000 new melanoma patients each year. Melanoma treatment guidelines 1.Palliative resection for melanoma For those who are not suitable for radical surgery, such as large lesions with distant metastases, in order to relieve ulcer bleeding or pain, as long as the anatomical conditions allow, consideration can be given to perform decompression surgery or palliative resection. 2.Surgery combined with other treatments for melanoma Surgery combined with chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy is aimed at improving the efficacy and prolonging the survival. For suspected malignant melanoma, the lesion should be excised together with the surrounding 0.5-1 cm of normal skin and subcutaneous fat for pathological examination, and if it is confirmed to be malignant melanoma, the depth of infiltration will determine whether additional wide excision is needed. Generally, excision or biopsy will not be performed unless the lesion has already formed an ulcer, or the lesion is so large that a single excision will cause disfigurement or disability and must be confirmed by pathology first, but the excision biopsy must be as close as possible to the radical surgery. 4.Wide excision of primary lesion for melanoma As early as the early 19th century, it has been noticed that malignant melanoma has a high local recurrence rate after local excision. 5.Regional lymph node dissection for melanoma The scope of lymph node dissection is often focused according to the location of the primary foci, and its applicability is that for patients with clinical stage I, only extensive resection of the lesion can be performed and then close follow-up, and if suspicious metastasis is found, regional lymph node dissection will have no adverse effect on the prognosis, and can save about 80% of patients with clinical stage I from the pain of regional lymph node dissection. Regional lymph node dissection should be performed for lesions >1.5 mm in thickness and clark lever III. The latest immunotherapy CKIT inhibitors can achieve high disease control rate and the effect can be maintained for more than six months. But the tumor cells are too smart, it will evolve according to your fight against it and bypass your various hounding. Every effective therapy will go through the process of drug resistance and ineffectiveness. The current PD-1 antibodies for immuno-oncology therapy can be said to offer hope once again for melanoma patients. Because melanoma has the highest immunogenicity, it has become the target of choice for immunotherapy research, and the survival of patients treated with PD-1 antibodies has been found to be extended to more than two years, and some patients can achieve drug discontinuation under close observation, making melanoma immunotherapy a “pioneer” in anti-tumor treatment.