Fear of rats is mainly applied clinically by psychotherapy methods, such as systematic desensitization therapy or exposure shock therapy, but clinically, systematic desensitization therapy is mainly used. Exposure shock therapy sometimes allows patients to suddenly break into scenes containing a large number of rats, which can have a relatively large impact on the patient’s body. Some patients cannot tolerate it because of their physical condition, so it is not suitable for some patients. For systematic desensitization therapy, the process of desensitization is a gradual process that can be applied on a large scale. In the process of clinical treatment for fear of rats, patients can be told about the development of fear of rats and the basic principles of treatment, to establish a ladder of fear of rats scenarios, and desensitize through gradual exposure of each ladder to eventually achieve the goal of treatment. It is also possible to help patients gradually overcome their fear of rats through a gradual process of imaginal exposure, imagining that they have a rat in their mind, gradual anxiolytic treatment, looking at pictures of rats for adaptation, and finally seeing real rats as well as petting them.