Sleep disorders are a common problem, about 1/3 of people in the world have different sleep disorders. Sleep is not a minor problem, but a barometer of psychosomatic health, and different sleep disorders correspond to different psychosomatic diseases. Sleep deprivation can affect mood, leading to anxiety and easy temper tantrums; inability to concentrate, decreased memory, and reduced creativity, which seriously affects the quality of life. There are many causes of sleep disorders, about 80% are related to mental conditions, such as mental illness, life event effects (exams, love loss), etc.; more than 15% are related to somatic organic diseases, such as organic brain diseases, respiratory diseases asthma, sleep apnea syndrome, endocrine diseases, etc. can lead to sleep disorders. Here are a few common questions related to sleep: 1. How much sleep do we need? “I must get a full 8 hours of sleep.” Normally, healthy adults sleep an average of 6-10 hours a day; in fact, the time needed for sleep varies from person to person and tends to decrease gradually with age, and in old age, the average daily sleep is about 5-6 hours. To determine whether you have slept well and enough, we mainly look at whether you feel relaxed and comfortable after waking up, clear-headed, energetic and efficient during the day, your sleep is normal. 2, snoring loudly, but v. sleepless night, and what is it? Obviously snoring loudly, but wake up and say they have not slept all night, 8 bed Zhang was next door bed Zhou uncle spiral snoring noisy all night, but Zhou uncle aggrieved that he himself has not slept, after sleep monitoring shows that Zhou uncle belongs to severe obstructive sleep apnea, the number of apnea 13 times, the minimum blood oxygen saturation is only 64%, belongs to the serious hypoxic state, long-term, can This can lead to brain hypoxia, causing dementia, and even sudden death. 3, hypnotic drugs to eat or not? We often encounter two types of patients: a class of people are very afraid of taking hypnotic drugs, that hypnotic drugs will be addictive once used. In fact, hypnotic drugs are not so terrible, as long as they are used reasonably under the guidance of a specialist, addiction will rarely occur. Most hypnotics can not only help improve sleep, but also relieve anxiety and tension, thus facilitating the recovery of sleep. Auntie Wang in the ward is such a typical example. She has been suffering from insomnia for more than a year, but due to her fear of hypnotics, she resolutely refused to take hypnotics until she came to the hospital after her body had headaches, tinnitus and panic attacks that seriously affected her life. When she was discharged from the hospital, Auntie Wang said that if she had known that taking medication was not so terrible, she would have been treated earlier and would not have had to suffer so much for a year. Another category is dependent on hypnotic drugs, think hypnotic drugs eat no harm, as long as you can sleep well, do not take fear of sleep is not good. Auntie Li was admitted to the Department of Mental Health because of hypnotic dependence and liver damage. When she came to the clinic, she went to the gastroenterology department because of emaciation, weakness, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, and after the psychiatric consultation, it was found that these symptoms of Auntie Li were related to liver damage caused by long-term overdose of hypnotic drugs, and the liver enzyme index was more than 10 times higher than normal. Aunt Li said she has always felt that insomnia is not a disease, and most of the surrounding people are to buy some hypnotic drugs, the beginning of a drug still works, and then the effect is getting worse when a pill to add, and now 4 pills can not solve the problem, the body has various symptoms before having to come to the hospital. 4, drinking can help you sleep? Drinking a glass of red wine before going to bed to help sleep is not true, drinking can not promote sleep, may lead to sleep disturbance and early awakening. Because the role of alcohol for the human body is only 5 hours or so, for people with a fast metabolism less time. Many people feel weak and drowsy after waking up from a drunken sleep, because alcohol metabolism requires oxygen consumption, resulting in a decrease in sleep quality. In addition, alcohol has an inhibitory effect on the central nervous system, if drinking alcohol plus hypnotic drugs, it may increase the risk of death due to respiratory depression. 5, hypnotic drugs, which is strong? Commonly used hypnotic drugs are phenobarbital, benzodiazepines, non-benzodiazepines. Phenobarbital has been rarely used because of its addictive nature. Benzodiazepines such as clonazepam, diazepam, alprazolam, lorazepam, eszopiclone, etc. are commonly used drugs, which have anxiolytic effects and are very suitable for patients with anxiety. Long-term use can produce dependence, and withdrawal reactions can occur with abrupt discontinuation, and the general duration of use does not exceed 4 weeks. The newer hypnotics, zolpidem, zopiclone and dezopiclone, are less addictive and do not produce cognitive or psychomotor dysfunction, but have little effect on anxiety. Hypnotics should be taken at night before bedtime and avoid driving vehicles and operating machinery to avoid accidents. For patients with abnormal liver and kidney functions, they should be taken under strict medical supervision and avoid taking them at the same time with other central depressants, analgesics, alcohol, etc. 6, effective ways to solve insomnia (1) the correct treatment of insomnia, do not overly concerned about sleep: sleep is an active process, that is, sleep is not up to you, but by the brain to say, the fear of insomnia rather than affect sleep. (2) to develop good sleep habits: the bedroom bed is only used for sleep, feel sleepy when you want to sleep and then go to bed; many people are used to work, study, and even diet in bed, the brain loses the normal identification, so that the regulation of dysfunction. (3) create a good sleep environment: choose a suitable mattress and pillow, pillow height is generally no more than 8-10cm, soft and hard moderate, mattress to roll back and forth easily in bed without strain is better, choose dark blackout curtains in the bedroom, help to help sleep. (4) take the correct sleeping position: generally side lying position is the main. (5) to comply with the biological clock: human hormone secretion shows a certain pattern, the better time to sleep is 9-11 pm. (6) appropriate exercise: regular exercise to promote sleep and reduce anxiety. (7) relaxation training: develop some relaxation, such as deep breathing, meditation and other training every night can help reduce the stress of the day. (8) Choose appropriate hypnotic drugs under the guidance of a doctor. For pregnant women and depressed patients, do not use melatonin-containing products such as brain platinum on your own to avoid aggravating your condition. Most long-term insomnia is caused by anxiety, depression and other emotional problems, to identify the root cause, in order to take targeted measures to treat insomnia, self-regulation is not effective, should promptly seek medical help, for a long time (more than a month) of insomnia, you can do some necessary tests, such as PSG (polysomnography), which can record the whole process of sleep at night, to help find the cause of insomnia, to help find the cause of insomnia. It helps to find the cause of insomnia to facilitate proper treatment.