How to effectively prevent piano playing finger (toe) signs

Delayed dyskinesia is divided into the following types according to the site of dyskinesia ① abnormal eye muscle movement: blinking, blepharospasm, etc.; ② abnormal facial muscle movement: facial muscle twitching, jerking and sad face, etc.; ③ abnormal mouth muscle movement: pouting, smacking, chewing, suction and lateral jaw movement, etc.; ④ abnormal tongue muscle movement: tongue extension, tongue contraction, wriggling and lip licking, etc.; ⑤ abnormal pharyngeal muscle movement: abnormal palate movement affecting pronunciation and (6) abnormal neck movement: slanting neck, backward neck, etc.; (7) abnormal trunk movement: uncoordinated trunk movement, odd posture, such as shrugging shoulders and retracting back, corkscrew, twisting spasm, diaphragm spasm producing grunting and breathing difficulties, sometimes the whole body swaying from side to side, repeated trunk flexion and extension, back and forth twisting, called body shaking sign; (8) abnormal limb movement: continuous flexion and extension of the distal limbs, called playing piano fingers (toes) sign. The proximal end is rarely involved, and a few of them show dance-like finger paddling movements, throwing movements, hand and foot sluggish-like movements, repeatedly raising the hands or jumping on both legs, etc. How to effectively prevent tardive dyskinesia? The first priority is to avoid risk factors. Clinicians should adhere to the following principle: only patients who really need the application of antipsychotics (e.g., schizophrenia) should be given them. Antipsychotics should never be used to treat neurosis or depression, let alone as sleeping pills to treat insomnia. This is because the onset of delayed movement disorder is not related to the size of the drug dose, and can occur even in small amounts. If delayed-onset dyskinesia occurs in a patient with schizophrenia, it should be weighed against the severity of the problem and should not be discontinued hastily. The focus of the disease is on prevention, and there should be clear indications for taking antipsychotics. Long-term medication should be monitored health search using periodic drug holidays can expose the initial dyskinesia gradually discontinued months or 1 to 2 years after the dyskinesia gradually relieved subsided need to continue treatment can be replaced with drugs with low extrapyramidal side effects such as clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine (quetiapine), etc. Medication There are no effective drugs for the treatment of TD, and it has been reported that 73% of the patients can be treated with propranolol (insulin); clonazepam is effective in 41% of patients with delayed-onset dyskinesia, and clozapine can reduce the symptoms of delayed-onset dyskinesia in 40% of patients. The occurrence of this disease is closely related to long-term use of antipsychotic drugs, should be used reasonably and carefully under the guidance of a doctor. Small amounts or short courses of medication holidays have some significance in the prevention of TD avoid combining 2 or more antipsychotics, and use anti-PD drugs as little or as often as possible when discontinuing or replacing antipsychotics should gradually reduce the amount of health search do not suddenly stop the drug; the elderly and frail or with organic brain lesions should be given the minimum dose of non-essential use or less use of anticholinergic drugs.