Composition of feces Normal feces consists of undigested and unabsorbed food residues, digestive secretions, intestinal mucosal detachments, a large number of bacteria, inorganic salts and water. The purpose of routine stool examination is to find out whether there is inflammation, bleeding and parasitic infection in the digestive system. To check whether there are bacteria in the feces to prevent and control intestinal infectious diseases; to understand the digestive condition according to the character and composition of the feces; occult blood test (OB) is used to determine whether there is bleeding in children; sometimes fecal reducing sugar, rotavirus and adenovirus tests are written together in the stool routine report card, which suggest lactose intolerance and viral enteritis respectively. Third, the collection of notes 1, the time should not be too long (within 1 hour); 2, the amount of samples can not be too little or too much, less can not be detected, and more useless (there were people to take a big pile to) 3, the container should be clean, to avoid contamination. Don’t just find a plastic bag and get it, at least find a clean one, it is best to take a stool box from the laboratory in advance. 4, diapers in the stool can not check? No, the water has been absorbed, sampling is not good, the test results are not reliable. 5.No fecal discharge but must be checked, can be through the anus finger diagnosis or take the tube, of course, children, it is best to wait a little patience. 6.Can I check the feces after I pass the stool with Keflex? No, because it is the stool that is examined, not the Kefir. 7.When checking the occult blood test, the sample should be taken from the red or black part of the stool as much as possible; avoid eating food such as animal liver, blood, and iron medication before the test. Stool examination within the general Fourth, the nature and color 1, normal children’s stool for yellow soft stool, infants and young children for yellow paste. 2, common abnormal traits and colors of children’s feces mucus stool: all kinds of enteritis, bacillary dysentery, amoebic dysentery, etc. purulent or pus and blood stool: dysentery, ulcerative colitis rice slop stool: cholera or paracholera white clay stool: obstructive jaundice blood stool: fissure of the anus, hemorrhoids or tumors tarry stool: upper gastrointestinal tract hemorrhage egg drop soup water stool: rotavirus enteritis green stool: peristalsis, amino acid milk feeding Children V. Occult blood test In children, it is mostly seen in gastrointestinal bleeding, intestinal mucosal injury caused by enteritis, intestinal polyps, epidemic hemorrhagic fever, and rarely tumors. Leukocytes 1, normal feces can occasionally see leukocytes, so do not see leukocytes think that there is a bacterial infection, indiscriminate use of antibiotics; 2, intestinal inflammation, leukocytes increased significantly, but this is not the basis for the application of antibiotics, only the fecal culture of bacterial growth can be applied to antibiotics; 3, dysentery or ulcerative colitis, can be seen in a large number of pus cells; 4, allergic enteritis and parasitic infections, visible More eosinophils, accompanied by Charcot-Lehden crystals. Seven, red blood cells 1, normal stool does not contain red blood cells 2, intestinal inflammation or gastrointestinal bleeding can be seen in red blood cells, inflammation can be accompanied by an increase in leukocytes; 3, lower gastrointestinal bleeding can be seen under the microscope in the form of normal red blood cells; 4, upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, red blood cells are destroyed by digestive juices, can not be seen in the red blood cells, which can be confirmed by occult blood test. Eight, macrophages can be seen in bacillary dysentery, acute hemorrhagic enteritis, ulcerative colitis, nine, intestinal mucosal epithelial cells are generally rare, commonly found in cyclic necrotizing colitis, cholera, paracolic cholera, pseudomembranous enteritis. X. Food residues (fat droplets, starch granules, plant cells) Undigested food residues are casually discharged due to improper feeding or low digestive function. XI, crystals 1, normal feces can be seen in a small amount of phosphate crystals, calcium oxalate crystals and calcium carbonate crystals, generally of no clinical significance; 2, pathological crystals: ① Shako-Redden crystals: amebic dysentery, hookworm disease, allergic enteritis, etc.; ② blood crystals: commonly found in the feces after bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract; ③ fatty acid crystals: commonly found in the feces of obstructive jaundice. XII, parasites 1, normal stool without parasites; 2, the intestinal tract is susceptible to infection of parasites, including: roundworms, whipworms, hookworms, pinworms, schistosomes, schistosoma, schistosoma lungis, huaji testicular schistosomes, polysaccharide worms and so on. XIII, fecal galactose determination Positive lactose intolerance may be, generally seen in infants and young children, accompanied by abdominal distension, diarrhea, sour stools, containing foam, etc. XIV, rotavirus, adenovirus, norovirus detection Viral enteritis, watery stools, generally self-limiting, the focus of the treatment of supplemental hydration and symptomatic treatment.