Rheumatism is a rheumatic disease, which can be detected in the early stages through medical history, family history, physical signs and targeted auxiliary examinations. Rheumatic diseases refer to a group of diseases that can affect bones, joints, tendons, fascia, bursa and other surrounding tissues, and common types include gouty arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, etc. Patients suspected of having rheumatic diseases can choose targeted auxiliary tests based on the clinical clues in the medical history, family history and signs under the guidance of the physician in order to make a clearer diagnosis. Commonly used auxiliary tests for rheumatic diseases include antinuclear antibody profile, rheumatoid factor, antiphospholipid antibodies and other autoantibodies, synovial fluid examination, and joint imaging such as X-rays, MRIs, and CTs. However, patients suspected of having oncologic rheumatic diseases, metabolic and endocrine arthropathies and other types of diseases should also undergo pathologic biopsies, blood and uric acid tests, and liver and kidney function tests, and other auxiliary tests. It is recommended that patients suspected of having early rheumatic diseases should go to the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology of regular hospitals for detailed consultation and follow the doctor’s instructions for treatment.