Hyperglycemia usually refers to diabetes from a variety of causes, but also includes a small percentage of pre-diabetic conditions. In the latter case, it is managed mainly through diet and healthy exercise programs, and most can achieve better results. In contrast, after diabetes is diagnosed, formal glucose-lowering treatment is administered. Treatment is generally considered to be divided into five parts, also called the five carriages, which are diet, exercise, medication, monitoring, and education. Of these, diet and exercise are the foundation, and it is generally believed that formal diabetic diet instruction is required, with individualized recipes based on specific conditions. However, it is important to note that total calories are controlled rather than strict control of food types. Exercise is recommended at least 30 minutes a day, no less than 5 days a week. The medication should be determined according to the doctor’s assessment and adjusted according to the blood glucose monitoring. Special attention should be paid to not adding or subtracting medication at will and to prevent hypoglycemia while lowering glucose medication. It is easy to neglect blood glucose monitoring. Many times, blood glucose is not monitored after the application of basic treatment or medication, which will cause a discount in treatment. Therefore, the treatment of hyperglycemia should be based on the patient’s blood glucose situation to develop specific treatment doubling, pay attention to their own knowledge of diabetes and master the knowledge of all aspects of diabetes.