Elevated thyroid peroxidase antibodies are indicative of autoimmune thyroiditis, which is commonly associated with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. The most common form of thyroid peroxidase antibody elevation is Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, also known as chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, which is usually accompanied by elevated thyroglobulin antibodies. In addition, high thyroid peroxidase antibodies can also be seen in Graves’ disease, which needs to be analyzed in conjunction with thyroid function and TRAb antibodies. If the thyroid peroxidase antibody is high and the thyroid function is normal, regular checkups are sufficient. If hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism occurs, medication such as levothyroxine sodium or methimazole is needed. High thyroid peroxidase antibodies should be treated under the guidance of a doctor.