Mycobacterium tuberculosis interferon clinically usually refers to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis gamma-interferon release test, which is a diagnostic method for detecting tuberculosis infection. The principle of Mycobacterium tuberculosis γ-interferon release test is that T cells sensitized by Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen stimulation can produce γ-interferon when they encounter the same kind of antigen again, and the detection of interferon produced by isolated whole blood or single nucleated cells after specific antigen stimulation can reflect the existence of tuberculosis infection in the organism. The most representative of these is the T-SPOT.TB test (i.e., enzyme-linked immunospot assay), which assists in the diagnosis of tuberculosis infection by detecting effector T lymphocytes that release γ-interferon after stimulation with Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific early secretory target antigen 6 (ESAT-6) and culture filtrate protein 10 (CFP-10), respectively. It is important to note that the diagnosis of TB requires a comprehensive judgment based on the patient’s history, symptoms, physical examination, and other ancillary tests. It is not possible to rely solely on one test indicator, Mycobacterium tuberculosis gamma-interferon release test. If you suspect that you have tuberculosis, please consult the hospital in time to get a clear diagnosis and targeted treatment, so as not to delay your condition.