The most common complications of diabetes are as follows: First, macrovascular complications, which mainly include cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, such as cerebral infarction, myocardial infarction, and lower extremity atherosclerotic occlusive disease. Second, microvascular complications, mainly including diabetic nephropathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, of which diabetic nephropathy is one of the most common causes of end-stage renal disease, while diabetic retinopathy is a common cause of vision loss and blindness. Third, comprehensive complications such as diabetic foot can occur.