The main reasons to consider for pain in the back of the head include occipital neuralgia, intracranial disease, trauma, neurosis, and infection. 1. Occipital neuralgia. The main cause of this disease is related to cervical spondylosis and so on. It is characterized by pain in the back of the head. 2. Intracranial diseases. Including cerebrovascular disease, intracranial tumors, etc., may cause pain in the back of the head, diagnosed by cranial CT or MRI. 3. Trauma. If the back of the head is traumatized, there will be different degrees of pain symptoms, including dermal trauma, skull injury and so on. 4. Neurosis. Patients may experience pain in the back of the head if they have nerve dysfunction caused by a long period of irregular life. 5. Infection. If the scalp at the back of the head is infected by bacteria or virus, there can also be pain symptoms. If you have pain in the back of the head for a long time, go to the neurology clinic of the hospital for treatment.