Stroke, commonly known as cerebral stroke, has an acute onset and leaves a lifetime of disability in the milder cases and loss of life in the more severe cases. Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide, with 5.7 million deaths due to stroke in 2005, and the incidence of stroke in China is one of the highest in the world, with a prevalence of 2% in people over 40 years of age. Post-stroke cognitive impairment refers to a range of syndromes that meet the diagnostic criteria for cognitive impairment that occur after the clinical event of stroke. Post-stroke dementia is an integral part of stroke care, as stated in the 2015 World Stroke Day Declaration. Post-stroke cognitive impairment is a concern for stroke patients who experience loss of concentration, concentration problems, and reduced language function within 3 months of stroke. Studies have shown that early treatment and intervention are more effective than treatment after a definite diagnosis of dementia. Therefore, patients at high risk of post-stroke cognitive impairment should be examined promptly at a regular hospital neurology or psychiatric memory clinic. Doctors will take a careful history and will also do simple neuropsychological tests and ancillary tests such as laboratory tests of blood and MRI to carefully assess the patient’s cognitive function. Strive for early screening and active intervention to try to avoid further deterioration of the condition.