Sudden painful urination may be due to urinary stones, or urinary system infections such as cystitis, or reproductive system infections such as prostatitis. 1. The factors of stone formation may be related to age, gender, environmental factors and so on. General manifestations include pain in the renal region accompanied by percussion pain at the angle of the cribriform ridge, along with symptoms such as urinary frequency, urgency, and painful urination. General treatment depends on the size and location of the stone, including medication, extracorporeal lithotripsy, percutaneous nephrolithotomy, ureteroscopy and other treatment methods. 2. Cystitis is generally more common in women, and is related to sexual intercourse, personal hygiene and other triggers. The main manifestations include sudden urinary frequency, urinary urgency, urinary pain, some patients complain of burning sensation in the urethra during urination. The general treatment includes drinking plenty of water, applying some antibacterial drugs such as sulfamethoxazole, cephalosporin and other drugs. 3. Prostatitis is usually caused by an upward infection of the urethra. The causative organism is mostly E. coli. The main manifestations include urinary irritation symptoms such as urinary frequency, urinary urgency, urinary pain, and obstruction symptoms such as urinary hesitation. Treatment includes active bed rest, application of antimicrobial drugs such as quinolones including ciprofloxacin, etc., drinking plenty of water, and can use some analgesic and antispasmodic drugs. Specific causes also need to go to the regular hospital, under the guidance of the doctor to determine the cause.