Gastroesophageal reflux disease is the reflux of duodenal contents into the esophagus causing symptoms such as heartburn. It is classified into reflux esophagitis and non-erosive reflux disease depending on whether it leads to esophageal mucosal erosion and ulceration. Gastroesophageal reflux disease can also cause damage to tissues adjacent to the esophagus such as the pharynx and airway, resulting in extraesophageal symptoms. Gastroesophageal reflux disease is a common disease with an increasing incidence with age and no significant difference in incidence between men and women. The Chinese population has a milder disease than Western countries such as the United States, and non-erosive reflux disease is more common. The etiology of GERD is caused by a variety of factors. Gastroesophageal dysfunctional disease with LES dysfunction is the main cause of GERD, and the direct damaging factors are gastric acid, pepsin and bile non-conjugated bile salts and pancreatic enzymes and other reflux substances. Then the clinical manifestations are diverse, varying in severity, with common esophageal symptoms, extraesophageal symptoms and complications. 1, esophageal symptoms: heartburn and reflux are the most common and typical symptoms of the disease. Heartburn is a burning sensation behind the sternum or under the glabella. Heartburn and reflux often appear 1 hour after a meal. Atypical symptoms: chest pain is caused by irritation of the esophagus by reflux and occurs behind the sternum. In severe cases, it can be a sharp stabbing pain that radiates to the back, chest, shoulders, neck, and behind the ears, sometimes resembling angina pectoris, with or without heartburn and reflux. Some patients may have difficulty in swallowing and foreign body sensation behind the sternum. 2, extra-esophageal symptoms: caused by reflux irritation or injury to tissues or organs other than the esophagus, such as pharyngitis, chronic cough and asthma. In severe cases, aspiration pneumonia and even interstitial lung fibrosis may occur. 3. Complications: Complications such as upper gastrointestinal bleeding, esophageal stricture, and Barret’s esophagus commonly occur. Therefore, when symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux appear, you should choose a hospital to seek medical attention in a timely manner according to the severity of the disease, so as not to delay the condition, find the cause in a timely manner and treat it early.