What are the treatment measures for coronary heart disease?

  A, the treatment of acute attacks of coronary heart disease 1, angina: should immediately stop physical activity, rest in place, try to eliminate the cold, emotional excitement and other triggers; immediately sublingual nitroglycerin or cardiac pain 1 tablet, if not relieved, every 5 to 10 minutes and then contain once again, 3 times in a row to contain ineffective, chest pain lasting more than 15 minutes with the possibility of myocardial infarction, should be immediately sent to the hospital and other emergency places; can be taken orally Andine 3 mg, if possible, should be oxygenated for 10 to 30 minutes. Patients with coronary artery disease should carry with them drugs such as nitroglycerin, once the chest pain occurs immediately contain, and take care not to use the invalid drugs. Stable angina will be relieved after resting and containing nitroglycerin. Unstable angina is a serious and potentially dangerous disease and should be sent to hospital immediately for treatment and close observation.  2, myocardial infarction: acute myocardial infarction has a high mortality rate, of which more than half of the patients die before hospitalization, and most deaths occur within one hour after the onset, usually caused by ventricular fibrillation. This is why in situ emergency measures and rapid transfer to hospital are crucial. In high-risk patients (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, previous angina attackers), once the following conditions occur: chest discomfort, extreme fatigue, dyspnea, especially when accompanied by heavy sweating, dizziness, palpitations, and a sense of near death, myocardial infarction should be highly suspected, and the patient should be immediately sent to the nearest medical institution that is equipped to perform electrocardiogram, electrocardiographic monitoring, direct current defibrillation, and intravenous thrombolysis. At the same time, maintain sedation, do not cause panic and fear, and contain nitroglycerin or quick-acting heart pills, coronary heart relief pills, etc., and can be injected with poppy bases or dulcolax and valium, and maintain ventilation and oxygen, if there is no contraindication, immediately take oral aspirin 300 mg. If ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation and other malignant arrhythmias occur, immediate direct current defibrillation should be given. Once cardiac arrest occurs, immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation with artificial respiration and chest compressions should be performed.  3, acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock: acute heart failure may occur in acute myocardial infarction and ischemic cardiomyopathy, due to massive myocardial necrosis. Mostly acute left heart failure, the patient presents with severe respiratory distress with irritability, choking sensation, blue and gray face, blue lips, profuse sweating, coughing, coughing a lot of white or pink foamy sputum, this situation must be immediately sent to the hospital for resuscitation.  Second, the coronary heart disease drugs, interventional, surgical bypass therapy Drugs can only control the symptoms, can stabilize the plaque in the coronary artery. Drugs are the foundation. Intervention has been developed in the last 20 years and has matured since 2000, not only to control the symptoms, but also to have the possibility to completely cure the narrow blood vessels. Intervention is simple, non-invasive, no need to open the chest, and immediate results, but technically it is high-risk, requires certain training, certain conditions to do, and also requires the cooperation of the patient. Once the stent forms a blood clot, it will be a problem, with a 1% incidence. In general, nowadays, people pursue quality of life in addition to life. A 40-year-old man who goes out every day to run, play golf, climb mountains, take medication every day, worry about myocardial infarction every day, and feel that there is no point in living, should do intervention. If you can’t do intervention or poor economic conditions, intervention if you have to do seven or eight stents to solve, then simply give up and consider bypass.  In fact, intervention and bypass surgery are the same thing, intervention is to open up the blockage inside to unblock, bypass is to open the chest from the upstream to get a tube to the downstream, re-opening a channel. Generally speaking, surgery and intervention have different indications for surgery, and the patient’s financial adaptability and physical condition will be considered. Interventional patients can climb mountains, but those who take medication should never climb mountains, and those who take bypasses can also climb. Now there are drug stents to prevent restenosis recurrence, and the recurrence rate of drug stents and bypasses is estimated to be about the same.