As the weather turns cooler in the fall, the number of pediatric outpatient visits for “cough, wheeze or asthma” increases significantly. Some parents of children with diagnosed asthma also have the experience that their children are prone to asthma attacks when the seasons change, especially in spring and autumn when the temperature changes suddenly. So, why do asthma attacks occur seasonally? To answer this question, we must first understand the pathogenesis of asthma. Asthma is short for bronchial asthma, which is a recurrent disease characterized by paroxysmal cough, shortness of breath, croup in the throat, chest tightness and shortness of breath in older children and adults, and in severe cases, inability to lie down. Modern medical research proves that bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory allergic disease with increased airway reactivity, in which the patient is sensitive to certain external or internal factors that cause bronchial spasm and produce asthma symptoms. Clinical practice shows that external environmental factors have a significant impact on asthma attacks, especially in autumn, when asthma attacks are more likely to occur. In autumn, the weather is hot and cold, the temperature changes dramatically, the airways of children with asthma are easy to diastolic dysregulation, so that the bronchial smooth muscle spasm after stimulation and asthma occurs; in addition, it is easy to catch a cold in autumn, and the cold is also one of the triggering factors of asthma. In autumn, plants such as flowers and trees gradually dry up and are blown by the autumn wind, making many tiny particles such as pollen and plant leaf dust float in the air, which can easily induce allergy and cause asthma attacks when inhaled by asthma patients with allergic constitution. Microorganisms invisible to the naked eye, such as mites, which are very likely to trigger bronchial asthma, are suitable for growth and reproduction at about 25 degrees Celsius and are blown into the air by the autumn breeze, which naturally trigger asthma when inhaled by asthma patients. Once you understand the characteristics of bronchial asthma prone to seasonal attacks, then in autumn, children with asthma should pay attention to protection. One is to pay attention to keep warm and prevent cold. Second, strengthen exercise, enhance physical fitness, and strengthen the ability to resist disease. Three, if necessary, injections or oral immunomodulators to enhance immunity. Fourth, children with asthma should wear masks when they go out in autumn to prevent inhalation of dust, mites and other allergies. Fifth, children with asthma should have timely systematic and standardized treatment to prevent asthma attacks. The last point is the most important control measure, do not blindly follow the treatment of infectious diseases. Treatment of asthma attack An acute asthma attack is a common critical state of respiratory system disease in children and must be treated immediately. In a mild asthma attack, the child has no obvious symptoms of respiratory obstruction and moves as usual, except for the itching of the nose and eyes, sneezing and coughing, or a slight croupy sound. At this time, the child should be advised to rest and eliminate the internal and external factors that cause the continuous increase in respiratory reactivity, such as avoiding inhalation of various irritating gases, keeping warm and preventing colds, avoiding fear, choosing a fast-acting beta agonist for nebulized inhalation, such as salbutamol aerosol (Ventolin), and also taking some oral asthma medications such as albuterol, polycamcinol, and metronidazole. In a moderate asthma attack, the child exhibits choking and wheezing, mild expiratory dyspnea, inability to lie down, sleep disturbance, and activity disturbance. In moderate asthma attacks, rest should be emphasized, the cause should be actively searched for, and the combination of asthma medications should be applied, such as nebulized inhalation with fast-acting beta agonists and oral aminophylline and metronidazole. In severe asthma attacks, the child has obvious dyspnea and croup in both lungs, and cannot lie down and breathe in a sitting position. Some of them also show irritability, sweating, pale face and blue lips, which means that they are in critical condition and must be sent to hospital immediately. Because asthma attacks are often very sudden, many times it is necessary to rely on the parents of the child to deal with them first in order to relieve the condition. Therefore, it is advisable for each parent of a child to master some of the common medications and principles of asthma prevention and control so as to facilitate early control of asthma. Parents should do the following in case of asthma attack at home: 1. Quickly remove the child from the allergen, once out of the allergic environment, the condition can be relieved even without giving any medication. 2. Parents should comfort their children to relieve psychological pressure. Because of the asthma attack, children often have a sense of fear, irritability, these mental irritants can also contribute to the attack and aggravation of symptoms. 3.Give albuterol aerosol inhalation in time (try to inhale effectively through the fog canister) to quickly relieve bronchospasm and play a role in calming asthma. At the same time, aminophylline can be given 4-6mg/kg?times, 3 times a day orally, or dexamethasone 2.5-5mg/time, intramuscular injection. 4.If there is cyanosis around the lips, it means that there is lack of oxygen, you can connect the oxygen bag at home to the nasal cannula to absorb oxygen, and adjust the oxygen concentration to 25%-40%. 5.If the asthma attack is heavy or persistent, you must take it to the hospital as soon as possible. Therefore, aerosols such as albuterol or albuterol, oxygen bags, etc. should be necessary at home to prevent asthma attacks. In summary, the key to the treatment of asthma is the long-term, regular use of preventive medicine to control its attacks.