The cause of severe geopoverty in children is due to genetic factors. Also known as dysgenerative anemia of pearl protein, marine anemia, is a hereditary chronic hemolytic anemia caused by a mutation or deletion of the gene for the pearl protein peptide chain of hemoglobin, resulting in a reduction in the synthesis of the pearl protein peptide chain or a complete lack of it, and it is one of the most common single-gene disorders, with autosomal incomplete dominant inheritance. The disease is mostly found in Mediterranean coastal countries, the Middle East, India and Southeast Asia. Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and Sichuan areas in China are high prevalence areas, and it is rare in the north. The main manifestation is anemia. Severe patients can also be combined with impaired liver function, osteoporosis and other clinical manifestations. Genetic counseling and prenatal examination can be conducted before marriage to avoid the birth of affected children. When the child appears pale, jaundice and other symptoms, should go to the hospital in a timely manner, under the guidance of the physician standardized treatment, regular review.