All pregnant mothers want their pregnancy to be smooth and their baby to be healthy. But there are many risks that can occur during pregnancy that, if not taken seriously enough, can affect the health of the pregnant mother and her baby and even endanger her life! Let’s talk about the conditions that increase the risk of pregnancy, and then how to effectively intervene and reduce it to achieve the best pregnancy outcome. What are the risks of pregnancy? Mainly divided into the following categories: 1, the basic situation of the pregnant mother 2, abnormal pregnancy and delivery history 3, gynecological diseases and surgical history 4, previous diseases and surgical history 5, family history 6, auxiliary examinations during labor and delivery 7, some abnormal physical signals during pregnancy 1, the basic situation of the pregnant mother 1, age at delivery: ≧ 35 years old or ≦ 18 years old (increased incidence of obstructed labor and fetal malformations) 2, height: ≦ 145 cm (increased incidence of obstructed labor) 3, the presence of physical disabilities that may have an impact on childbirth (increased incidence of obstructed labor) 4, pre-pregnancy body mass index: > 23.9 (overweight) or < 18.5 (underweight) (increased incidence of obstructed labor and metabolic diseases during pregnancy, etc.) (body mass index = weight kg/height m2) 5, Rh-negative blood type (possible hemolysis of the fetal baby and newborn baby) II, abnormal Pregnancy and delivery history Note: Previous pregnancies or deliveries will also affect the current pregnancy. 1. history of cesarean delivery (may lead to abnormal placental attachment position, uterine rupture during pregnancy and delivery, and postpartum hemorrhage) 2, history of infertility (increased chance of miscarriage, etc.) 3, history of adverse pregnancy and delivery (previous miscarriage ≧ 3 times, premature birth, perinatal death, birth defects, ectopic pregnancy, trophoblastic disease, previous pregnancy complications and comorbidities, etc., increased chance of adverse pregnancy outcome again) 4, the last baby birth interval < 18 months or > 5 years (prone to preterm birth, emergency delivery, obstructed labor, postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction) 5, the current pregnancy is multiple births (increased incidence of pregnancy complications) 6, conceived through assisted reproductive technology (artificial insemination, “in vitro fertilization”) III, gynecological diseases or related surgical history 1, gynecological diseases: genital tract malformations (prone to difficult delivery), uterine malformations (difficult delivery, even uterine rupture), uterine fibroids (can cause difficult delivery, postpartum hemorrhage, etc. 2. history of gynecological surgery: history of vaginal surgery (serious vaginal laceration may occur during delivery), history of cervical laser and conization surgery (miscarriage, premature delivery, difficulty in dilating the uterine opening during delivery, etc.), history of hysteroscopic or laparoscopic surgery (depending on the specific surgical procedure), scarred uterus (increased incidence of uterine rupture during pregnancy and delivery), adnexal History of surgery for malignant tumors of the uterine cervix (the stakes are even more complicated) IV. History of previous diseases and surgeries During pregnancy, our physical and physiological conditions change dramatically, and the load on the vital organs (heart, liver, spleen, lungs and kidneys) increases. For example, history of various important organ diseases, history of malignant tumors, history of drug allergies, history of other special and major surgeries, etc. Family history Certain diseases have a tendency to run in families, so it is important to pay attention to them in advance so that they can be given full attention during the maternity checkup and problems can be detected at the first time. For example, a family history of hypertension, someone in the immediate family suffering from diabetes, someone in the family suffering from coagulation factor deficiency or serious hereditary diseases, etc. Problems found during maternity checkups Pregnant mothers should insist on regular maternity checkups during pregnancy. The following abnormalities found during maternity checkups also indicate an increased risk of pregnancy: 1. hemoglobin <110g/L (anemia) 2. platelet count ≤100×109/L (bleeding tendency) 3. serum ferritin <20pg/L (iron deficiency anemia) 4. positive syphilis or HIV screening (sexually transmitted diseases) 5. urine glucose Positive and abnormal fasting glucose (diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes) 7. abnormal physical manifestations during pregnancy 1. palpitations, chest and back pain, asthma, cough, hemoptysis, chronic low fever, emaciation, night sweats 2. severe loss of appetite, weakness, severe vomiting 3. epigastric pain, yellowing of skin and sclera (white eyes), blood in stool 4. puffy eyelids, little urine or abnormal urine (such as tea-colored or bubbly) 5. frequent and uncontrollable bleeding from gums or nose, multiple skin bruises 6. dry mouth, polyuria, polyphagia, excessive sweating, irritability and irritability 7. pronounced joint pain, butterfly or disc-shaped red spots on the face, unexplained high fever 8. communication difficulties, mental retardation, depression or mania 9. recurrent headaches, nausea, vomiting All of the above need to see a doctor as soon as possible! Some of these pregnancy risks we mentioned earlier are determined by congenital conditions and some occur later in life. However, in either case, the first step to take is to inform your doctor honestly about your condition. For example, it is advisable to provide detailed information about the treatment of previous diseases and surgical records. The doctor will assess the risk of pregnancy, make the corresponding maternity plan and program, and carefully communicate the precautions in daily life. Only when the pregnant mother cooperates with the doctor's joint efforts, the fetal baby can be conceived into a healthy newborn!